springboot自动装配

一、约定大于配置

严格遵守springboot的约定，则不需要进行配置，简化配置

如静态资源路径，springboot默认 依次去classpath:/resources/、classpath:/static/、classpath:/public/下面加载静态资源，你把静态资源放在对应目录即可，不需像springmvc需要配置静态资源路径，如果你不遵守约定，放在别的地方，则访问不到

二、自动装配

1. @SpringBootApplication 注解标注springboot启动类

@SpringBootApplication是一个复合注解，包括三个核心注解：@SpringBootConfiguration+@EnableAutoConfiguration+@ComponentScan

自动装配核心通过@EnableAutoConfiguration实现

2. springboot启动时，@EnableAutoConfiguration 通过 @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) 注入 AutoConfigurationImportSelector

3. AutoConfigurationImportSelector 调用 getCandidateConfigurations() 方法，通过 classpath:/META-INF/spring.factories 文件，查找所有备选配置，

如 WebMvcAutoConfiguration，命名规则统一，都是xxxAutoConfiguration

4. spring.factories中的备选配置很多，通过@ConditionalOnClass、@ConditionalOnMissingBean等条件是否满足决定是否加载该配置项，比如引入spring-boot-starter-web，则满足WebMvcAutoConfiguration的加载条件

@ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class})
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638)
@AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class})
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
    。。。

    public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware {
        private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(WebMvcConfigurer.class);
        private final Resources resourceProperties;
        private final WebMvcProperties mvcProperties;
        private final WebProperties webProperties;
        private final ListableBeanFactory beanFactory;
        private final WebMvcRegistrations mvcRegistrations;
        private final WebMvcAutoConfiguration.ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer;
        private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;

    。。。
}

5. 与application.yml等配置文件关系：spring.factories中的每一个备选配置（xxxAutoConfiguration）都对应一个xxxProperties，xxxProperties定义了配置项属性的前缀和名称，

如WebMvcAutoConfiguration对应一个WebMvcPropertirs，WebMvcPropertirs中定义了属性前缀和属性名称：

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.mvc"
)
public class WebMvcProperties {
    private org.springframework.validation.DefaultMessageCodesResolver.Format messageCodesResolverFormat;
    。。。

    public WebMvcProperties() {
        this.localeResolver = WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.ACCEPT_HEADER;
        this.format = new WebMvcProperties.Format();
        this.dispatchTraceRequest = false;
        this.dispatchOptionsRequest = true;
        this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect = true;
        this.publishRequestHandledEvents = true;
        this.throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound = false;
        this.logResolvedException = false;
        this.staticPathPattern = "/**";
        this.async = new WebMvcProperties.Async();
        this.servlet = new WebMvcProperties.Servlet();
        this.view = new WebMvcProperties.View();
        this.contentnegotiation = new WebMvcProperties.Contentnegotiation();
        this.pathmatch = new WebMvcProperties.Pathmatch();
    }

    。。。
}

这样，列表中的属性我们可以在application.properties中自定义配置，比如，spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=xxx