objective-c 第四天 字典

不可变字典NSDictionary

1、创建不可变字典

NSString *key1Str = @"zhang";
NSArray *value1Array = @[@"zhang3",@"zhang4",@"zhang5"];

a、实例方法创建,以nil结尾
NSDictionary *dic1 = [NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:value1Array,key1Str,value2Array,key2Str,nil];

b、类方法创建，以nil结尾
NSDictionary *dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:vaule1Array,key1Str,vaule2Array,key2Str,nil];

c、新语法创建
//格式为Key:Vaule,Key1:Vaule2
NSDictionary *dic3 = @{key1Str:value1Array,key2Str:value2Array};

2、查看字典里元素个数

NSInteger len1 = dic1.count;

3、字典根据key来获取value

NSArray *temp = [dic1 valueForKey:@"wang"];
NSArray *temp1 = dic1[@"wang"];//新语法

4、取出所有的keys

NSArray *allkeyarray = [dic1 allkeys];//返回值是一个数组类型

5、取出所有的Value

NSArray *allValues = [dic1 allValues];//返回值为数组。是一个二维数组，也就是数组中嵌套数组

可变字典 NSMutableDictionary

1、可变字典的创建

a、实例方法创建
NSMutableDictionary *dicM1 = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:value1Array,key1Str,value2Array,key2Str,nil];

b、类方法创建
NSMutableDictionary *dicM2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:value1Array,key1Str,value2Array,key2Str];

2、可变字典的添加

NSString *key3Str = @"li";//建立新key
NSArray *Value3Array = @[@"li3",@"li4",@"li5"];//建立新Value
//第一个参数是Value，第二个参数是key
[dicM1 setObject:Value3Array forKey:key3Str];

注意：在字典里key是唯一的，在添加时，如果key已经存在了，就会将其原来的Value值给覆盖掉

3、可变字典的删除

a、根据一个key来删除元素
[dicM1 removeObjectForKey:@"zhang"];

b、根据多个key开删除元素
[dicM1 removeObjectForKeys:@[@"li",@"wang"]];

c、删除所有元素
[dicM1 removeAllObject];

4、字典的遍历

a、快速遍历
for(NSString *key in dicM1){
    NSString *Value = dicM1[key];
    NSLog(@"key=%@ value=%@",key,value);
}

b、普通遍历
NSArry *allKeys = [dicM1 allkeys];//取出所有的key值
for(int i = 0;i < allKeys.count;i++){
    NSString *key1 = [allkeys objectAtIndex:i];//简写allkeys[i]
    NSArray *value1 = dicM1[key1];
    NSLog(@"%@ %@",key1,value1);
}

5、给字典排序

    NSArray *keysSortArry = [dic8 keysSortedByValueUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id  _Nonnull obj1, id  _Nonnull obj2) {
        int v1 = [obj1 intValue];
        int v2 = [obj2 intValue];
        if (v1>v2) { //升序
            return NSOrderedAscending;
        }else if (v1<v2)//降序
        {
            return  NSOrderedDescending;
        }
        return NSOrderedSame; //相等
    }];
    NSLog(@"排序后======================");
    NSLog(@"keysSortArry = %@",keysSortArry);
    for (int i = 0; i<keysSortArry.count; i++) {
        NSString *key = [keysSortArry objectAtIndex:i];
        NSString *value = [dic8 objectForKey:key];
        NSLog(@"key = %@  value = %@",key,value);
    }

//    2、字母排序 汉字不能排序
    NSDictionary *dic8 = @{
                           @"zhang3":@"的",
                           @"li4":@"abd",
                           @"wang5":@"Dfk",
                           @"zhao6":@"cdf"
                           };

//    遍历字典
//    for (NSString *key in dic8) {
//        NSString *value = [dic8 allValues];
//        NSLog(@"%@ %@",key,value);
//    }
//    给字典排序
    NSArray *keysSortArry = [dic8 keysSortedByValueUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id  _Nonnull obj1, id  _Nonnull obj2) {
//    字母排序
        NSComparisonResult result = [obj2 caseInsensitiveCompare:obj1];//不区分大小写排序
        return result;
    }];


//    新的排序方法
    NSDictionary *dic8 = @{
                           @"zhang3":@"78890",
                           @"li4":@"788",
                           @"wang5":@"749",
                           @"zhao6":@"9979"
                           };
//    compare 这个是数字排序，拿来排序的Value值位数必须一样，要么都2位数，要么都3位数，不然就只排序第一位数字
    NSArray *keySortOtherArry = [dic8 keysSortedByValueUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
    NSLog(@"%@",keySortOtherArry);
    for (int i = 0; i<keySortOtherArry.count; i++) {
        NSString *key = [keySortOtherArry objectAtIndex:i];
        NSString *value = [dic8 valueForKey:key];
        NSLog(@"%@ %@",key,value);
    }