java8 Stream 的 Collectors 常用方法总结

一、简介

       Collectors 这个工具类主要功能是将流中的数据转换成集合类型。

二、常用方法介绍

2.1 Stream 转为 List

        将数据收集到一个列表中，Stream 转换为 List，允许有重复值，有顺序。

public static void main(String[] args) {
	Stream<String> stream = Stream.of("java","c","c++","python","java");
	List<String> languageList = stream.collect(Collectors.toList());
	languageList.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));				
}

// 第二种方式
public static void main(String[] args) {				
	List<String> languageList2 = Arrays.asList("java","c","c++","python","java");
	languageList.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));
	// List 数组去重
	List<String> list2= languageList2.stream().distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
}

2.2 Stream 转为 Set

        将数据收集进一个集合，Stream 转换为 Set，不允许重复值，没有顺序。 

public static void main(String[] args) {
	Stream<String> stream = Stream.of("java","c","c++","python","java");
	Set<String> languageList = stream.collect(Collectors.toSet());
	languageList.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));
}

2.3 Stream 支持不同类型

public static void main(String[] args) {
	List<String> list = Arrays.asList("java", "python", "C++","php","java");  
	// 用 LinkedList 收集
	List<String> linkedListResult = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedList::new));
	linkedListResult.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));
	System.out.println("--------------");
	
	// 用 CopyOnWriteArrayList 收集
	List<String> copyOnWriteArrayListResult = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.toCollection(CopyOnWriteArrayList::new));
	copyOnWriteArrayListResult.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));
	System.out.println("--------------");
	
	// 使用 treeSet 收集
	Stream<String> stream = Stream.of("java","c","c++","python","java");
	Set<String> treeSet = stream.collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new));
	treeSet.forEach((p)->System.out.println(p));
}

2.4 Stream 字符串拼接

public static void main(String[] args) {
	List<String> list = Arrays.asList("java", "python", "C++","php","java");  
	// 直接将输出结果拼接
	System.out.println(list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining()));
	
	// 每个输出结果之间加拼接符号"|"
	System.out.println(list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(" | ")));

	// 输出结果开始头为Start--，结尾为--End，中间用拼接符号"||"
	System.out.println(list.stream().collect(Collectors.joining(" || ","Start--","--End")));
}

2.5 Stream 转为 Map

        可以使用 partitioningBy() 方法，分类成一个 key 为 True 和 Flase 的 Map。

public static void main(String[] args) {
	List<String> list = Arrays.asList("java", "python", "C++","php","java");  
	Map<Boolean, List<String>> result = list.stream()
				.collect(Collectors.partitioningBy(s -> s.length() > 2));
}

2.6 Stream 数据收集

        可以使用 collectingAndThen() 方法，收集之后继续做一些处理。

public static void main(String[] args) {
	List<String> list = Arrays.asList("java", "python", "C++","php","java");
	ImmutableList<String> collect = list.stream()
			.collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.toList(), ImmutableList::copyOf));
}

三、总结