设计模式-工厂模式

先说一下简单工厂，简单工厂其实不是一个设计模式，只是一种编程习惯。

简单工厂是把实例化对象的部分抽离出来，封装变化的部分，供多个地方调用。以宠物店为例：

public class PetShop {

    public Animal buyPet(String animalName){

        Animal animal = SimpleAnimalFactory.createAnimal(animalName);
        //宠物介绍
        animal.getIntroduceInfo();
        //叫一声
        animal.getVoice();
        return animal;

    }
}

//定义一个简单工厂，返回一个Animal的接口
public class SimpleAnimalFactory {

    public static Animal createAnimal(String animalName){

        Animal animal = null;

        if (Objects.equals(animalName,"dog")){
            animal = new Dog();
        }else if(Objects.equals(animalName,"cat")){
            animal = new Cat();
        }else if(Objects.equals(animalName,"rabbit")){
            animal = new Rabbit();
        }

        return animal;

    }

}

public  class Dog extends Animal{

    @Override
    public String getVoice() {
        return "汪汪汪";
    }
}

public class Cat extends Animal {

    @Override
    public String getVoice() {
        return "喵喵喵";
    }
}

public class Rabbit extends Animal {

    @Override
    public String getVoice() {
        return "biu~biu~biu~";
    }
}