MySQL5.7 压缩包安装

一、压缩包下载

压缩包下载路径：https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

二、安装

2.1、解压缩

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.2、创建安装目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

将解压后的文件夹拷贝至安装目录/usr/lcoal/mysql/,并重命名为mysql-5.7

mv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7

2.3、创建相关目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/log
touch /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/log/mysqld.log

2.4、创建linux用户

su root
groupadd mysql #添加mysql组
useradd -r -g mysql mysql #添加mysql用户

2.5、更改文件归属

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7
chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7

2.6、初始化MySQL

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7

bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data --initialize

输出如下信息，会生成一个临时登录密码

 root@ubuntu:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7# bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data --initialize
2022-04-16T10:18:43.242411Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-04-16T10:18:43.417483Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-04-16T10:18:43.452197Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-04-16T10:18:43.512300Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 97f52ec0-bd6e-11ec-a319-000c29bea374.
2022-04-16T10:18:43.515493Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-04-16T10:18:44.181127Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-04-16T10:18:44.181190Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-04-16T10:18:44.181612Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-04-16T10:18:44.270207Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -62P&d,D8m,%

三、配置MySQL

3.1、修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

添加如下内容

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock

3.2、启动MySQL

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/support-files
sh mysql.server start

查看MySQL服务是否启动成功

sh support-files/mysql.server status


 * MySQL running (6787)

3.3、配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile

添加如下内容

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7/bin

使配置生效

source /etc/profile

3.4、允许root账号远程访问

先本地登录mysql，查询权限

use mysql;
select  User,authentication_string,Host from user;

mysql> select  User,authentication_string,Host from user;
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| User          | authentication_string                     | Host      |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| root          | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B | localhost |
| mysql.session | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | localhost |

设置权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'
flush privileges; 

3.5、修改登录密码

set password for root@'%'=password('123456');
flush privileges; 

四、安装过程中的问题及解决办法

4.1、初始化报错

mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决办法：

yum install -y libaio.so.1

yum install -y libaio

4.2、修改权限报错

mysql> grant all on cactidb.* to dbuser@'localhost' identified by '123';

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

解决办法：

先输入 flush privileges; 刷新一下权限表，再重新执行grant命令，就成功了