题目:编写一个程序,开启 3 个线程,这三个线程的 ID 分别为 A、B、C,每个线程将自己的 ID 在屏幕上打印 10 遍,要求输出的结果必须按顺序显示。如:ABCABCABC……
解题源码:
package concurrent;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
class AlternateDemo {
//标志当前由哪一个线程输出,1代表A,2代表B,3代表C
private int number = 1;
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
//Condition的强大之处在于它可以为多个线程间建立不同的Condition
Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();
// loopNum:当前循环轮数
public void loopA(int loopNum) {
//上锁
lock.lock();
try {
while (number != 1) {
//等待
condition1.await();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", currentLoopNum is " + loopNum);
number = 2;
//唤醒
condition2.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
//确保释放锁
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void loopB(int loopNum) {
lock.lock();
try {
while (number != 2) {
condition2.await();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", currentLoopNum is " + loopNum);
number = 3;
condition3.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void loopC(int loopNum) {
lock.lock();
try {
while (number != 3) {
condition3.await();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ", currentLoopNum is " + loopNum);
number = 1;
condition1.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
public class TestABCAlternate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AlternateDemo ad = new AlternateDemo();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
ad.loopA(i);
}
}, "A").start();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
ad.loopB(i);
}
}, "B").start();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
ad.loopC(i);
}
}, "C").start();
}
}
这道题充分体现了Condition的强大之处:它可以为多个线程间建立不同的Condition,并指定唤醒哪一个线程。