桥接模式（构造型设计模式）

概念
Bridge模式又叫做桥接模式，是构造型的设计模式之一，Bridge模式基于类的最小设计原则，通过使用封装，聚合以及继承等行为来让不同的类承担不同的责任，他的主要特点是保持各个部分的独立性以及对他们的拓展功能。
结构图

需求
现有发动机Engine4400c，Engine4500c，车BMW5 ，BMW5 ，通过桥接实现车和发动机的任意组合。

class Engine{
public:
    virtual void engine() = 0;
    virtual ~Engine(){}
};

class Car{
protected:
    Engine *eng;
public:
    virtual void installEngine() = 0;
    virtual ~Car(){
        delete eng;
    }
};

class Engine4400c :public Engine{
public:
    virtual void engine(){
        cout << "Engine 4400c" << endl;
    }
    ~Engine4400c(){
        cout << "4400cdel" << endl;
    }
};
class Engine4500c :public Engine{
public:
    virtual void engine(){
        cout << "Engine 4500c" << endl;
    }
    ~Engine4500c(){
        cout << "4500cdel" << endl;
    }
};

class BMW5 :public Car{
public:
    BMW5(Engine *eng){
        this->eng = eng;
    }
    virtual void installEngine(){
        cout << "BMW5" << endl;
        eng->engine();
    }
};
class BMW6 :public Car{
public:
    BMW6(Engine *eng){
        this->eng = eng;
    }
    virtual void installEngine(){
        cout << "BMW6" << endl;
        eng->engine();
    }
};

int main(void){
    BMW5 *b5 = new BMW5(new Engine4400c());
    b5->installEngine();
    BMW6 *b6 = new BMW6(new Engine4500c());
    b6->installEngine();
    delete b5;
    delete b6;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

调试结果：