目录
基础配置详解
配置前端控制器
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
加载spring配置文件
<init-param>
<!--加载spring配置文件-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
开启注解扫描
<!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.day.test"></context:component-scan>
base-package="cn.day.test这里填写包的名称。
视图解析器(通过xml配置)
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
< property name=“prefix” value="/WEB-INF/pages/" >< /property >
指文件所在的目录。
< property name=“suffix” value=".jsp" >< /property >
指文件的后缀名。
<!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
入门案例程序
包结构
testController包:
package cn.day.test;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
//控制器类
@Controller
public class testController {
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String Say(){
System.out.println("hellow maven");
return "sucess";
}
}
springmvc.xml配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.day.test"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
web.xml配置:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
index.jsp配置
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: dell
Date: 2020/9/27
Time: 12:56
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎加入</h1>
<a href="/hello">入门案例</a>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp配置
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: dell
Date: 2020/9/27
Time: 13:12
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>入门成功!</h3>
</body>
</html>
图解入门程序
组件执行流程
入门案例的执行流程
- 当启动Tomcat服务器的时候,因为配置了load-on-startup标签,所以会创建DispatcherServlet对象, 就会加载springmvc.xml配置文件
- 开启了注解扫描,那么HelloController对象就会被创建
- 从index.jsp发送请求,请求会先到达DispatcherServlet核心控制器,根据配置@RequestMapping注解 找到执行的具体方法
- 根据执行方法的返回值,再根据配置的视图解析器,去指定的目录下查找指定名称的JSP文件
- Tomcat服务器渲染页面,做出响应
SpringMVC官方提供图形
package cn.itcast.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC!!");
return "success";
}
}
// html部分:
<body>
<h3>入门成功!!</h3>
</body>
入门案例中的组件分析
- 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)
- 处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)
- 处理器(Handler)
- 处理器适配器(HandlAdapter)
- 视图解析器(View Resolver)
- 视图(View)