C++栈类的实现

 

#ifndef _CStack
#define _CStack
#include<iostream.h>
template<class T>
class CStack{
// LIFO 对象
public :
CStack(int MaxStackSize = 10);
~CStack () {delete [] stack;}
bool IsEmpty() const {return top == -1;}
bool IsFull() const {return top == MaxTop ; }
T Top() const;
CStack<T>& Add(const T& x);
CStack<T>& Delete(T& x);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const CStack<T>& w);  

private :
int top; // 栈顶
int MaxTop; // 最大的栈顶值
T *stack; // 堆栈元素数组
};

template<class T>
CStack<T>::CStack(int MaxStackSize)
{// CStack 类构造函数
MaxTop = MaxStackSize - 1;
stack = new T[MaxStackSize];
top = -1;
}
template<class T>
T CStack<T>::Top() const
{// 返回栈顶元素
if (!IsEmpty())  
 return stack[top];
}
template<class T>
CStack<T>& CStack<T>::Add(const T& x)
{ //添加元素x
if (!IsFull())  
{
stack[++top] = x;
return *this;
}
}

template<class T>
CStack<T>& CStack<T>::Delete(T& x)
{// 删除栈顶元素，并将其送入x
if (!IsEmpty()) 
{
x = stack[top--];
return *this;
}
}
template <class T>  
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const CStack<T>& w)  
{  
	 for(int i=w.top;i>-1;i--)
	  out<<w.stack[i]<<" ";
      return out;

}  

/*采用链表来定义栈*/

template<class T>class LinkedStack;
template <class T>
class Node{
friend LinkedStack<T>;
private :
T data;
Node<T> *link;
};
template<class T>
class LinkedStack {
public :
LinkedStack () {top = 0;}
~LinkedStack();
bool IsEmpty() const {return top==0;}
bool IsFull() const;
T Top() const;
LinkedStack<T>& Add(const T& x);
LinkedStack<T>& Delete(T& x);
private :
Node<T> *top; // 指向栈顶节点
};

template<class T>
LinkedStack<T>:: ~ LinkedStack( )
{
// 析构函数
Node<T> *next;
while (top) {
next =top->link;
delete top;
top = next;
}
}
template<class T>
bool LinkedStack<T>::IsFull() const
{// 堆栈是否满?
try {
Node<T> *p = new Node<T>;
delete p;
return false;
}
catch (...) {return true;}
}
template<class T>
LinkedStack<T>& LinkedStack<T>::Add(const T& x)
{// 添加元素x
Node<T> *p = new Node<T>;
p->data = x;
p->link = top;
top = p;
return *this;
}
template<class T>
T LinkedStack<T>::Top() const
{// 返回栈顶元素
if (!IsEmpty())
return top->data;
}
template<class T>
LinkedStack<T>& LinkedStack<T>::Delete(T& x)
{// 删除栈顶元素，并将其送入x
if (!IsEmpty()) 
{

x = top->data;
Node<T> *p = top;
top = top->link;
delete p;
return *this;
}
}
#endif

 

 

在主函数的调用如下：

#include "Stack.h"
void main()
{
  CStack<int> S(20);
    for(int i=0;i<20;i++)
		S.Add(i);
	  cout<<"栈顶元素为："<<S.Top()<<endl;
	  cout<<"所有栈元素为："<<S<<endl;
}

 

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