C++的策略模式简单实现

C++的策略模式简单实现

一般的策略模式(运行时多态)

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

class ListStrategy
{
public:
	//抽象类接口声明，删除默认拷贝构造函数和赋值操作运算符；析构函数为虚函数，强制默认生成，其余接口函数为纯虚函数
	ListStrategy() = default;
	ListStrategy(const ListStrategy& tmp) = delete;
	ListStrategy& operator=(const ListStrategy& tmp) = delete;

	virtual ~ListStrategy() = default;
	virtual void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) = 0;
	virtual void start(ostringstream& oss) = 0;
	virtual void end(ostringstream& oss) = 0;
};

class MarkdownListStrategy : public ListStrategy
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) override
	{
		oss << " * " << item << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) override
	{
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) override
	{
	}
};

class HtmlListStatrgy : public ListStrategy
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) override
	{
		oss << "<li>" << item << "</li>" << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) override
	{
		oss << "<ul>" << endl;
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) override
	{
		oss << "</ul>" << endl;
	}
};

class TextProcess
{
public:
	TextProcess(unique_ptr<ListStrategy> list_stategy): list_strategy_(std::move(list_stategy))
	{
	}

	void clear()
	{
		oss_.str("");
		oss_.clear();
	}
	void appendList(const vector<string>& items)
	{
		list_strategy_->start(oss_);
		for (auto& it : items)
			list_strategy_->add_list_item(oss_, it);
		list_strategy_->end(oss_);
	}

	string str() const
	{
		return oss_.str();
	}
private:
	ostringstream oss_;
	unique_ptr<ListStrategy> list_strategy_;
};

int main()
{
	TextProcess tp1(make_unique<MarkdownListStrategy>());
	tp1.appendList({"test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong"});
	cout << tp1.str() << endl;
	TextProcess tp2(make_unique<HtmlListStatrgy>());
	tp2.appendList({ "test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong" });
	cout << tp2.str() << endl;
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

优化后的策略模式（通过模板编程实现编译时多态）

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

class MarkdownListStrategy 
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) 
	{
		oss << " * " << item << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
	}
};

class HtmlListStatrgy
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) 
	{
		oss << "<li>" << item << "</li>" << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
		oss << "<ul>" << endl;
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
		oss << "</ul>" << endl;
	}
};

template <typename policy>
class TextProcess
{
public:
	TextProcess(unique_ptr<policy> list_stategy): list_strategy_(std::move(list_stategy))
	{
	}

	void clear()
	{
		oss_.str("");
		oss_.clear();
	}
	void appendList(const vector<string>& items)
	{
		list_strategy_->start(oss_);
		for (auto& it : items)
			list_strategy_->add_list_item(oss_, it);
		list_strategy_->end(oss_);
	}

	string str() const
	{
		return oss_.str();
	}
private:
	ostringstream oss_;
	unique_ptr<policy> list_strategy_;
};

int main()
{
	TextProcess<MarkdownListStrategy> tp1(make_unique<MarkdownListStrategy>());
	tp1.appendList({"test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong"});
	cout << tp1.str() << endl;
	TextProcess<HtmlListStatrgy> tp2(make_unique<HtmlListStatrgy>());
	tp2.appendList({ "test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong" });
	cout << tp2.str() << endl;
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

通过继承，并优化空基类

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

class MarkdownListStrategy 
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) 
	{
		oss << " * " << item << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
	}
};

class HtmlListStatrgy
{
public:
	void add_list_item(ostringstream& oss, const string& item) 
	{
		oss << "<li>" << item << "</li>" << endl;
	}
	void start(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
		oss << "<ul>" << endl;
	}
	void end(ostringstream& oss) 
	{
		oss << "</ul>" << endl;
	}
};

template <typename policy>
//使用私有继承，可以实现空基类的优化
class TextProcess : private policy
{
public:
	void clear()
	{
		oss_.str("");
		oss_.clear();
	}
	void appendList(const vector<string>& items)
	{
		policy::start(oss_);
		for (auto& it : items)
			policy::add_list_item(oss_, it);
		policy::end(oss_);
	}

	string str() const
	{
		return oss_.str();
	}
private:
	ostringstream oss_;
};

int main()
{
	TextProcess<MarkdownListStrategy> tp1;
	tp1.appendList({"test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong"});
	cout << tp1.str() << endl;
	TextProcess<HtmlListStatrgy> tp2;
	tp2.appendList({ "test", "xiaoyan", "xiaolong" });
	cout << tp2.str() << endl;
	getchar();
	return 0;
}