线程安全的懒汉式单例

非线程安全的懒汉式单例

public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton instance;

    private Singleton() {
    }
    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
        // 如果多个线程同时进来，会产生多个实例
            instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 *  synchronized对整个方法加锁，形成同步机制，
 * 这样虽然解决了线程安全问题,但是会产生性能问题（不推荐）
 */
public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton instance;

    private Singleton() {
    }
    public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 双重检查锁
 */
public class DoubleCheckedLocking {
    private volatile static DoubleCheckedLocking instance;

    public static DoubleCheckedLocking getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            // 如果同时有多个线程进来，还是会有线程安全问题，所以获取到锁之后还得再次判断是否为null
            synchronized (DoubleCheckedLocking.class) {
                if (instance == null)
                    instance = new DoubleCheckedLocking();
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}