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最新推荐文章于 2019-09-03 15:04:31 发布

xiaohang3414

最新推荐文章于 2019-09-03 15:04:31 发布

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分类专栏：几何

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Problem Description

The center coordinate of the circle C is O, the coordinate of O is (0,0) , and the radius is r.
P and Q are two points not outside the circle, and PO = QO.
You need to find a point D on the circle, which makes

PD+QD minimum.
Output minimum distance sum.

Input

The first line of the input gives the number of test cases T; T test cases follow.
Each case begins with one line with r : the radius of the circle C.
Next two line each line contains two integers x , y denotes the coordinate of P and Q.

Limits

T≤500000

−100≤x,y≤100

1≤r≤100

Output

For each case output one line denotes the answer.
The answer will be checked correct if its absolute or relative error doesn't exceed

10−6 .
Formally, let your answer be a, and the jury's answer be b. Your answer is considered correct if

|a−b|max(1,b)≤10−6 .

Sample Input

Sample Output

  
  
   
   5.6568543
5.6568543
5.8945030

   
   6.7359174
   
   

   
   

   
   给一个圆C和圆心O，P、Q是圆上或圆内到圆心距离相等的两个点，在圆上取一点D，求|PD| + |QD|的最小值

   
   

   
   
   
   做点P、Q的反演点P'、Q', |OP| * |OP'| = r ^ 2, |OQ| * |OQ'| = r ^ 2.
   
   |OP| / r = r / |OP'|, 即|OP| / |OD| = |OD| / |OP'|, 所以△OPD ∽ △ODP', 同理, △OQD ∽ △ODQ', 相似比为|OP| / r.
   
   所以, |PD| + |QD| = (|P'D| + |Q'D|) * |OP| / r. 转化为求|P'D| + |Q'D|的最小值
   
   若P'Q'与圆C有交点,则|P'D| + |Q'D|的最小值为|P'Q'| (此时D为P'Q'与圆C的交点, |P'D| + |Q'D| 为直线,值最小)
   
   若P'Q'与圆C无交点,则D为PQ的中垂线与圆C的交点时, |P'D| + |Q'D|取得最小值(以P、Q为焦点做椭圆，令椭圆不断变大，椭圆与圆C有一个交点时,此交点即为点D)

   
   

   
   这道题要用比例做 ，要用斜率找点很麻烦，有斜率等于0 或者没有斜率的情况
   
   
   
   #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
const double eps=1e-8;
struct point
{
    double x,y;
}p,q;
double len(point a,point c)
{
    return sqrt((a.x-c.x)*(a.x-c.x)+(a.y-c.y)*(a.y-c.y));
}
int main()
{
    int T;
    double r;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T-- )
    {
        scanf("%lf",&r);
        scanf("%lf%lf",&p.x,&p.y);
        scanf("%lf%lf",&q.x,&q.y);
        point o;
        o.x=0.0;
        o.y=0.0;
        double op=len(p,o);
        point pp,qq,d;
        if(abs(op)<=eps)
        {
            printf("%.6lf\n",r*2);
        }
        else
        {
            double l=r*r/op;
            pp.x=p.x*l/op;
            pp.y=p.y*l/op;
            qq.x=q.x*l/op;
            qq.y=q.y*l/op;
            d.x=(pp.x+qq.x)/2;
            d.y=(pp.y+qq.y)/2;
            if(len(o,d)<=r)
            {
                double ans=len(pp,qq)*op/r;
                printf("%.6lf\n",ans);
            }
            else
            {
                double dis=len(o,d);
                double t=r/dis;
                d.x=d.x*t;
                d.y=d.y*t;
                double ans=2*len(d,p);
                printf("%.6lf\n",ans);
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}