Find Right Interval

题目：

Given a set of intervals, for each of the interval i, check if there exists an interval j whose start point is bigger than or equal to the end point of the interval i, which can be called that j is on the "right" of i.

For any interval i, you need to store the minimum interval j's index, which means that the interval j has the minimum start point to build the "right" relationship for interval i. If the interval j doesn't exist, store -1 for the interval i. Finally, you need output the stored value of each interval as an array.

Note:

1. You may assume the interval's end point is always bigger than its start point.
2. You may assume none of these intervals have the same start point.

Example 1:

Input: [ [1,2] ]

Output: [-1]

Explanation: There is only one interval in the collection, so it outputs -1.

Example 2:

Input: [ [3,4], [2,3], [1,2] ]

Output: [-1, 0, 1]

Explanation: There is no satisfied "right" interval for [3,4].
For [2,3], the interval [3,4] has minimum-"right" start point;
For [1,2], the interval [2,3] has minimum-"right" start point.

Example 3:

Input: [ [1,4], [2,3], [3,4] ]

Output: [-1, 2, -1]

Explanation: There is no satisfied "right" interval for [1,4] and [3,4].
For [2,3], the interval [3,4] has minimum-"right" start point.

代码：

/**
 * Definition for an interval.
 * struct Interval {
 *     int start;
 *     int end;
 *     Interval() : start(0), end(0) {}
 *     Interval(int s, int e) : start(s), end(e) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> findRightInterval(vector<Interval>& intervals) {
        map<int,int>hash;
        for(int i=0; i<intervals.size(); i++)
        {
            hash[intervals[i].start]=i;
        }
        vector<int>ans;
        for (auto in : intervals) {
            auto tmp=hash.lower_bound(in.end);
            if(tmp==hash.end()) ans.push_back(-1);
            else ans.push_back(tmp->second);
            
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

分析：

记录每个区间的起始值，和它对应的序号，在查找每个区间的后面的区间时只需查找大于等于当前区间end值的起始值，其中lower_bound(val)返回大于等于val的迭代器指针。