SpringCloud AliBaBa(四)-Nacos集成gateway实现微服务网关

gateway的作用

1.权限控制：网关作为微服务入口，需要校验用户是是否有请求资格，如果没有则进行拦截。

2.路由和负载均衡：一切请求都必须先经过 gateway，但网关不处理业务，而是根据某种规则，把请求转发到某个微服务，这个过程叫做路由。当然路由的目标服务有多个时，还需要做负载均衡。

3.限流：当请求流量过高时，在网关中按照下流的微服务能够接受的速度来放行请求，避免服务压力过大。

gateway服务构建

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>NacosCenter</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>gatewayservice</name>
    <description>gatewayservice</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <!-- 将ribbon排除 -->
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--配置中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--负载均衡-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring Cloud Gateway-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: gateway-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: localhost:8848
    config:
      server-addr: localhost:8848
      file-extension: properties
      #group: devGroup
  profiles:
    active: dev
    
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411/
    sender:
      type: web
    locator:
      discovery:  
        enabled: true
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      probability: 1.0

读取Nacos的gateway-service-dev.properties文件

根据路径进行断言,将/order/**的服务全部路由只order-service服务上.默认使用轮询

启动gateway

gateway以10000端口启动

postman调用10000端口

成功创建订单并扣减库存

gateway成功对order/**请求进行路由.