【Android】使用 CMake 配置 C/C++ 代码的编译

配置 CMake

1、 创建 CMake 构建脚本

CMake 构建脚本是一个纯文本文件，您必须将其命名为 CMakeLists.txt。

注意：您可以在所需的任何位置创建构建脚本。不过，在配置 build 脚本时，原生源代码文件和库的路径将与 build 脚本的位置相关。

推荐位置：src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt

2、编写脚本内容：

# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native library.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.18.1)

# Declares and names the project.

project("MyNatives")

# Creates and names a library, sets it as either STATIC
# or SHARED, and provides the relative paths to its source code.
# You can define multiple libraries, and CMake builds them for you.
# Gradle automatically packages shared libraries with your APK.

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
        ${PROJECT_NAME}

        # Sets the library as a shared library.
        SHARED

        # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
        MyNatives.cpp Calculate.cpp
)

# Searches for a specified prebuilt library and stores the path as a
# variable. Because CMake includes system libraries in the search path by
# default, you only need to specify the name of the public NDK library
# you want to add. CMake verifies that the library exists before
# completing its build.

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
        log-lib

        # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
        # you want CMake to locate.
        log
)

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in this
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
        ${PROJECT_NAME}

        # Links the target library to the log library
        # included in the NDK.
        ${log-lib})

2、关联 Gradle

方式1：使用 Android Studio 界面

1、右键点击您想要关联到原生库的模块（例如 app 模块），然后从菜单中选择 Add C++ to Module，如下图所示：
2、然后您将会看到类似于下图的对话框：
3、如果选择的 module 已有 CMake 配置请选择第二项（Link an existing Cmakelists.txt…）并指定文件位置 ，反之选择第一项（Create CMakeListes.txt…），然后点击 OK。

方式2：手动配置 Gradle

如需手动配置 Gradle 以关联到您的原生库，您需要将 externalNativeBuild 块添加到模块级 build.gradle 文件中，并使用 cmake 或 ndkBuild 块对其进行配置：

android {
  ...
  defaultConfig {...}
  buildTypes {...}

  // Encapsulates your external native build configurations.
  externalNativeBuild {

    // Encapsulates your CMake build configurations.
    cmake {

      // Provides a relative path to your CMake build script.
      path "src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt"
    }
  }
}