Matplotlib练习

Matplotlib练习

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Exercise 11.1

Plot the function
f(x) = sin2(x−2)e−x2
over the interval [0,2]. Add proper axis labels, a title, etc.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import math
from scipy.linalg import toeplitz
import numpy as np
import scipy.stats
import seaborn

x = np.linspace(0,2,num=500,endpoint = True,retstep = False,dtype = None)
y = (np.sin((x-2)*np.exp(0-x**2)))**2
plt.plot(x,y,linewidth = 5)
plt.title("Exercise 11.1",fontsize = 24)
plt.xlabel("X",fontsize = 14)
plt.ylabel("Y",fontsize = 14)
plt.show()

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Exercise 11.2

Create a data matrix X with 20 observations of 10 variables. Generate a vector b with parameters Then generate the response vector y = Xb+z where z is a vector with standard normally distributed variables.
Now (by only using y and X), find an estimator for b, by solving
ˆ b = argmin b kXb−yk2
Plot the true parameters b and estimated parameters ˆ b. See Figure 1 for an example plot.

X = np.random.random(size =(20,10))
b = np.random.random(size =(10,1))
z = np.random.normal(size = (20,1))
y = np.dot(X,b)+z

print(z)

b1 = np.array(np.linalg.lstsq(X,y,rcond = -1)[0])

x = np.linspace(0,9,num = 10)
plt.scatter(x,b,c='blue')
plt.scatter(x,b1,c='red')
plt.title("Exercise 11.2",fontsize = 24)
plt.show()

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Exercise 11.3

Generate a vector z of 10000 observations from your favorite exotic distribution. Then make a plot that shows a histogram of z (with 25 bins), along with an estimate for the density, using a Gaussian kernel density estimator (see scipy.stats). See Figure 2 for an example plot.

z = np.random.normal(size = (10000,1))
seaborn.distplot(z,bins = 25 )
plt.title("Exercise 11.3",fontsize = 24)
plt.show()