探索ChatGPT，学习开发一款插件，成为先锋者，一同成长。加入「阿杰与AI」公众号，关注AI发展趋势，等待AI机会出现。
- 1.如何访问插件？
- 2.开发ChatGPT插件-介绍
- 3.开发ChatGPT插件-入门
- 4.开发ChatGPT插件-认证
- 5.开发ChatGPT插件-示例插件
- 6.开发ChatGPT插件-审核
- 7.开发ChatGPT插件-线上插件及常见问题
示例插件
为了开始构建，OpenAI提供了一组涵盖不同身份验证模式和用例的简单插件。从OpenAI简单的无需身份验证的待办事项列表插件到更强大的检索插件，这些示例让OpenAI得以一窥OpenAI希望通过插件实现的目标。
在开发过程中，您可以在本地计算机上或通过GitHub Codespaces、Replit或CodeSandbox等云开发环境运行插件。
插件快速入门
OpenAI创建了插件快速入门，作为开发人员在不到 5 分钟内启动和运行插件的起点。如果您还没有运行过插件并且想熟悉运行一个插件所需的最少步骤，请考虑从插件quickstart repo开始。
了解如何构建一个无需授权的简单待办事项列表插件
首先，查看无身份验证页面，然后定义一个ai-plugin.json包含以下字段的文件：
{
"schema_version": "v1",
"name_for_human": "TODO Plugin (no auth)",
"name_for_model": "todo",
"description_for_human": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove and view your TODOs.",
"description_for_model": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove and view your TODOs.",
"auth": {
"type": "none"
},
"api": {
"type": "openapi",
"url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/openapi.yaml",
"is_user_authenticated": false
},
"logo_url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/logo.png",
"contact_email": "support@example.com",
"legal_info_url": "https://example.com/legal"
}
请注意，这PLUGIN_HOSTNAME应该是您的插件服务器的实际主机名。
接下来，OpenAI可以定义 API 端点来为特定用户创建、删除和获取待办事项列表项。
import json
import quart
import quart_cors
from quart import request
# Note: Setting CORS to allow chat.openapi.com is only required when running a localhost plugin
app = quart_cors.cors(quart.Quart(__name__), allow_origin="https://chat.openai.com")
_TODOS = {}
@app.post("/todos/<string:username>")
async def add_todo(username):
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
if username not in _TODOS:
_TODOS[username] = []
_TODOS[username].append(request["todo"])
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/todos/<string:username>")
async def get_todos(username):
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(_TODOS.get(username, [])), status=200)
@app.delete("/todos/<string:username>")
async def delete_todo(username):
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
todo_idx = request["todo_idx"]
if 0 <= todo_idx < len(_TODOS[username]):
_TODOS[username].pop(todo_idx)
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/logo.png")
async def plugin_logo():
filename = 'logo.png'
return await quart.send_file(filename, mimetype='image/png')
@app.get("/.well-known/ai-plugin.json")
async def plugin_manifest():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("ai-plugin.json") as f:
text = f.read()
# This is a trick we do to populate the PLUGIN_HOSTNAME constant in the manifest
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/json")
@app.get("/openapi.yaml")
async def openapi_spec():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("openapi.yaml") as f:
text = f.read()
# This is a trick we do to populate the PLUGIN_HOSTNAME constant in the OpenAPI spec
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/yaml")
def main():
app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=5002)
if name == "__main__":
main()
最后，OpenAI需要设置和定义 OpenAPI 规范以匹配本地或远程服务器上定义的端点。您无需通过规范公开 API 的全部功能，而是可以选择让 ChatGPT 仅访问某些功能。
还有许多工具可以自动将您的服务器定义代码转换为 OpenAPI 规范，因此您无需手动执行此操作。对于上面的 Python 代码，OpenAPI 规范将如下所示：
openapi: 3.0.1
info:
title: TODO Plugin
description: A plugin that allows the user to create and manage a TODO list using ChatGPT. If you do not know the user's username, ask them first before making queries to the plugin. Otherwise, use the username "global".
version: "v1"
servers:
- url: PLUGIN_HOSTNAME
paths:
/todos/{username}:
get:
operationId: getTodos
summary: Get the list of todos
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/getTodosResponse"
post:
operationId: addTodo
summary: Add a todo to the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/addTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
delete:
operationId: deleteTodo
summary: Delete a todo from the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/deleteTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
components:
schemas:
getTodosResponse:
type: object
properties:
todos:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: The list of todos.
addTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo
properties:
todo:
type: string
description: The todo to add to the list.
required: true
deleteTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo_idx
properties:
todo_idx:
type: integer
description: The index of the todo to delete.
required: true
了解如何使用服务级别身份验证构建一个简单的待办事项列表插件
首先，查看服务级别身份验证页面，然后定义一个ai-plugin.json包含以下字段的文件：
{
"schema_version": "v1",
"name_for_human": "TODO Plugin (service auth)",
"name_for_model": "todo",
"description_for_human": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove & view TODOs.",
"description_for_model": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove and view your TODOs.",
"auth": {
"type": "service_http",
"authorization_type": "bearer",
"verification_tokens": {
"openai": "Replace_this_string_with_the_verification_token_generated_in_the_ChatGPT_UI"
}
},
"api": {
"type": "openapi",
"url": "https://example.com/openapi.yaml",
"is_user_authenticated": false
},
"logo_url": "https://example.com/logo.png",
"contact_email": "support@example.com",
"legal_info_url": "https://example.com/legal"
}
请注意，服务级别身份验证插件需要验证令牌。令牌是在您设置服务访问令牌后在 ChatGPT Web UI 中的插件安装过程中生成的。
您还需要将“Example.com”更新为远程服务器的名称。
接下来，OpenAI可以定义 API 端点来为特定用户创建、删除和获取待办事项列表项。端点还检查用户是否已通过身份验证。
import json
import quart
import quart_cors
from quart import request
app = quart_cors.cors(quart.Quart(__name__))
# This key can be anything, though you will likely want a randomly generated sequence.
_SERVICE_AUTH_KEY = "REPLACE_ME"
_TODOS = {}
def assert_auth_header(req):
assert req.headers.get(
"Authorization", None) == f"Bearer {_SERVICE_AUTH_KEY}"
@app.post("/todos/<string:username>")
async def add_todo(username):
assert_auth_header(quart.request)
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
if username not in _TODOS:
_TODOS[username] = []
_TODOS[username].append(request["todo"])
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/todos/<string:username>")
async def get_todos(username):
assert_auth_header(quart.request)
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(_TODOS.get(username, [])), status=200)
@app.delete("/todos/<string:username>")
async def delete_todo(username):
assert_auth_header(quart.request)
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
todo_idx = request["todo_idx"]
if 0 <= todo_idx < len(_TODOS[username]):
_TODOS[username].pop(todo_idx)
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/logo.png")
async def plugin_logo():
filename = 'logo.png'
return await quart.send_file(filename, mimetype='image/png')
@app.get("/.well-known/ai-plugin.json")
async def plugin_manifest():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("ai-plugin.json") as f:
text = f.read()
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/json")
@app.get("/openapi.yaml")
async def openapi_spec():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("openapi.yaml") as f:
text = f.read()
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/yaml")
def main():
app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=5002)
if name == "__main__":
main()
最后，OpenAI需要设置和定义 OpenAPI 规范以匹配远程服务器上定义的端点。通常，无论身份验证方法如何，OpenAPI 规范看起来都是一样的。使用自动 OpenAPI 生成器将减少创建 OpenAPI 规范时出错的机会。
openapi: 3.0.1
info:
title: TODO Plugin
description: A plugin that allows the user to create and manage a TODO list using ChatGPT. If you do not know the user's username, ask them first before making queries to the plugin. Otherwise, use the username "global".
version: "v1"
servers:
- url: https://example.com
paths:
/todos/{username}:
get:
operationId: getTodos
summary: Get the list of todos
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/getTodosResponse"
post:
operationId: addTodo
summary: Add a todo to the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/addTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
delete:
operationId: deleteTodo
summary: Delete a todo from the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/deleteTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
components:
schemas:
getTodosResponse:
type: object
properties:
todos:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: The list of todos.
addTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo
properties:
todo:
type: string
description: The todo to add to the list.
required: true
deleteTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo_idx
properties:
todo_idx:
type: integer
description: The index of the todo to delete.
required: true
了解如何构建简单的运动统计插件
这个插件是一个简单的运动统计 API 的例子。在考虑构建什么时，请牢记OpenAI的域政策和使用政策。
首先，定义一个ai-plugin.json包含以下字段的文件：
{
"schema_version": "v1",
"name_for_human": "Sport Stats",
"name_for_model": "sportStats",
"description_for_human": "Get current and historical stats for sport players and games.",
"description_for_model": "Get current and historical stats for sport players and games. Always display results using markdown tables.",
"auth": {
"type": "none"
},
"api": {
"type": "openapi",
"url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/openapi.yaml",
"is_user_authenticated": false
},
"logo_url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/logo.png",
"contact_email": "support@example.com",
"legal_info_url": "https://example.com/legal"
}
请注意，这PLUGIN_HOSTNAME应该是您的插件服务器的实际主机名。
接下来，OpenAI为一个简单的体育服务插件定义一个模拟 API。
import json
import requests
import urllib.parse
import quart
import quart_cors
from quart import request
# Note: Setting CORS to allow chat.openapi.com is only required when running a localhost plugin
app = quart_cors.cors(quart.Quart(__name__), allow_origin="https://chat.openai.com")
HOST_URL = "https://example.com"
@app.get("/players")
async def get_players():
query = request.args.get("query")
res = requests.get(
f"{HOST_URL}/api/v1/players?search={query}&page=0&per_page=100")
body = res.json()
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(body), status=200)
@app.get("/teams")
async def get_teams():
res = requests.get(
"{HOST_URL}/api/v1/teams?page=0&per_page=100")
body = res.json()
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(body), status=200)
@app.get("/games")
async def get_games():
query_params = [("page", "0")]
limit = request.args.get("limit")
query_params.append(("per_page", limit or "100"))
start_date = request.args.get("start_date")
if start_date:
query_params.append(("start_date", start_date))
end_date = request.args.get("end_date")
if end_date:
query_params.append(("end_date", end_date))
seasons = request.args.getlist("seasons")
for season in seasons:
query_params.append(("seasons[]", str(season)))
team_ids = request.args.getlist("team_ids")
for team_id in team_ids:
query_params.append(("team_ids[]", str(team_id)))
res = requests.get(
f"{HOST_URL}/api/v1/games?{urllib.parse.urlencode(query_params)}")
body = res.json()
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(body), status=200)
@app.get("/stats")
async def get_stats():
query_params = [("page", "0")]
limit = request.args.get("limit")
query_params.append(("per_page", limit or "100"))
start_date = request.args.get("start_date")
if start_date:
query_params.append(("start_date", start_date))
end_date = request.args.get("end_date")
if end_date:
query_params.append(("end_date", end_date))
player_ids = request.args.getlist("player_ids")
for player_id in player_ids:
query_params.append(("player_ids[]", str(player_id)))
game_ids = request.args.getlist("game_ids")
for game_id in game_ids:
query_params.append(("game_ids[]", str(game_id)))
res = requests.get(
f"{HOST_URL}/api/v1/stats?{urllib.parse.urlencode(query_params)}")
body = res.json()
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(body), status=200)
@app.get("/season_averages")
async def get_season_averages():
query_params = []
season = request.args.get("season")
if season:
query_params.append(("season", str(season)))
player_ids = request.args.getlist("player_ids")
for player_id in player_ids:
query_params.append(("player_ids[]", str(player_id)))
res = requests.get(
f"{HOST_URL}/api/v1/season_averages?{urllib.parse.urlencode(query_params)}")
body = res.json()
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(body), status=200)
@app.get("/logo.png")
async def plugin_logo():
filename = 'logo.png'
return await quart.send_file(filename, mimetype='image/png')
@app.get("/.well-known/ai-plugin.json")
async def plugin_manifest():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("ai-plugin.json") as f:
text = f.read()
# This is a trick we do to populate the PLUGIN_HOSTNAME constant in the manifest
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/json")
@app.get("/openapi.yaml")
async def openapi_spec():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("openapi.yaml") as f:
text = f.read()
# This is a trick we do to populate the PLUGIN_HOSTNAME constant in the OpenAPI spec
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/yaml")
def main():
app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=5001)
if name == "__main__":
main()
最后，OpenAI定义OpenAI的 OpenAPI 规范：
openapi: 3.0.1
info:
title: Sport Stats
description: Get current and historical stats for sport players and games.
version: "v1"
servers:
- url: PLUGIN_HOSTNAME
paths:
/players:
get:
operationId: getPlayers
summary: Retrieves all players from all seasons whose names match the query string.
parameters:
- in: query
name: query
schema:
type: string
description: Used to filter players based on their name. For example, ?query=davis will return players that have 'davis' in their first or last name.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
/teams:
get:
operationId: getTeams
summary: Retrieves all teams for the current season.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
/games:
get:
operationId: getGames
summary: Retrieves all games that match the filters specified by the args. Display results using markdown tables.
parameters:
- in: query
name: limit
schema:
type: string
description: The max number of results to return.
- in: query
name: seasons
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: Filter by seasons. Seasons are represented by the year they began. For example, 2018 represents season 2018-2019.
- in: query
name: team_ids
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: Filter by team ids. Team ids can be determined using the getTeams function.
- in: query
name: start_date
schema:
type: string
description: A single date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format. This is used to select games that occur on or after this date.
- in: query
name: end_date
schema:
type: string
description: A single date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format. This is used to select games that occur on or before this date.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
/stats:
get:
operationId: getStats
summary: Retrieves stats that match the filters specified by the args. Display results using markdown tables.
parameters:
- in: query
name: limit
schema:
type: string
description: The max number of results to return.
- in: query
name: player_ids
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: Filter by player ids. Player ids can be determined using the getPlayers function.
- in: query
name: game_ids
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: Filter by game ids. Game ids can be determined using the getGames function.
- in: query
name: start_date
schema:
type: string
description: A single date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format. This is used to select games that occur on or after this date.
- in: query
name: end_date
schema:
type: string
description: A single date in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format. This is used to select games that occur on or before this date.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
/season_averages:
get:
operationId: getSeasonAverages
summary: Retrieves regular season averages for the given players. Display results using markdown tables.
parameters:
- in: query
name: season
schema:
type: string
description: Defaults to the current season. A season is represented by the year it began. For example, 2018 represents season 2018-2019.
- in: query
name: player_ids
schema:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: Filter by player ids. Player ids can be determined using the getPlayers function.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
了解如何构建简单的 OAuth 待办事项列表插件
要创建 OAuth 插件，OpenAI首先定义一个ai-plugin.jsonauth 类型设置为的文件oauth：
{
"schema_version": "v1",
"name_for_human": "TODO OAuth",
"name_for_model": "todo_oauth",
"description_for_human": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove and view your TODOs.",
"description_for_model": "Plugin for managing a TODO list, you can add, remove and view your TODOs.",
"auth": {
"type": "oauth",
"client_url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/oauth",
"scope": "",
"authorization_url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/auth/oauth_exchange",
"authorization_content_type": "application/json",
"verification_tokens": {
"openai": "Replace_this_string_with_the_verification_token_generated_in_the_ChatGPT_UI"
}
},
"api": {
"type": "openapi",
"url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/openapi.yaml",
"is_user_authenticated": false
},
"logo_url": "PLUGIN_HOSTNAME/logo.png",
"contact_email": "contact@example.com",
"legal_info_url": "http://www.example.com/legal"
}
接下来，OpenAI需要定义OpenAI的 OAuth 服务。此 OAuth 示例不适用于生产用例，而是强调简单的 OAuth 流程是什么样子的，以便开发人员可以获得构建生产解决方案的经验。
import json
import quart
import quart_cors
from quart import request
app = quart_cors.cors(quart.Quart(__name__), allow_origin="*")
_TODOS = {}
@app.post("/todos/<string:username>")
async def add_todo(username):
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
if username not in _TODOS:
_TODOS[username] = []
_TODOS[username].append(request["todo"])
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/todos/<string:username>")
async def get_todos(username):
print(request.headers)
return quart.Response(response=json.dumps(_TODOS.get(username, [])), status=200)
@app.delete("/todos/<string:username>")
async def delete_todo(username):
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
todo_idx = request["todo_idx"]
# fail silently, it's a simple plugin
if 0 <= todo_idx < len(_TODOS[username]):
_TODOS[username].pop(todo_idx)
return quart.Response(response='OK', status=200)
@app.get("/logo.png")
async def plugin_logo():
filename = 'logo.png'
return await quart.send_file(filename, mimetype='image/png')
@app.get("/.well-known/ai-plugin.json")
async def plugin_manifest():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("manifest.json") as f:
text = f.read()
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/json")
@app.get("/openapi.yaml")
async def openapi_spec():
host = request.headers['Host']
with open("openapi.yaml") as f:
text = f.read()
text = text.replace("PLUGIN_HOSTNAME", f"https://{host}")
return quart.Response(text, mimetype="text/yaml")
@app.get("/oauth")
async def oauth():
query_string = request.query_string.decode('utf-8')
parts = query_string.split('&')
kvps = {}
for part in parts:
k, v = part.split('=')
v = v.replace("%2F", "/").replace("%3A", ":")
kvps[k] = v
print("OAuth key value pairs from the ChatGPT Request: ", kvps)
url = kvps["redirect_uri"] + f"?code={OPENAI_CODE}"
print("URL: ", url)
return quart.Response(
f'<a href="{url}">Click to authorize</a>'
)
# Sample names
OPENAI_CLIENT_ID = "id"
OPENAI_CLIENT_SECRET = "secret"
OPENAI_CODE = "abc123"
OPENAI_TOKEN = "def456"
@app.post("/auth/oauth_exchange")
async def oauth_exchange():
request = await quart.request.get_json(force=True)
print(f"oauth_exchange {request=}")
if request["client_id"] != OPENAI_CLIENT_ID:
raise RuntimeError("bad client ID")
if request["client_secret"] != OPENAI_CLIENT_SECRET:
raise RuntimeError("bad client secret")
if request["code"] != OPENAI_CODE:
raise RuntimeError("bad code")
return {
"access_token": OPENAI_TOKEN,
"token_type": "bearer"
}
def main():
app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=5002)
if name == "__main__":
main()
最后，与OpenAI的其他示例一样，OpenAI基于端点定义了一个简单的 OpenAPI 文件：
openapi: 3.0.1
info:
title: TODO Plugin
description: A plugin that allows the user to create and manage a TODO list using ChatGPT. If you do not know the user's username, ask them first before making queries to the plugin. Otherwise, use the username "global".
version: "v1"
servers:
- url: PLUGIN_HOSTNAME
paths:
/todos/{username}:
get:
operationId: getTodos
summary: Get the list of todos
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
responses:
"200":
description: OK
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/getTodosResponse"
post:
operationId: addTodo
summary: Add a todo to the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/addTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
delete:
operationId: deleteTodo
summary: Delete a todo from the list
parameters:
- in: path
name: username
schema:
type: string
required: true
description: The name of the user.
requestBody:
required: true
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/deleteTodoRequest"
responses:
"200":
description: OK
components:
schemas:
getTodosResponse:
type: object
properties:
todos:
type: array
items:
type: string
description: The list of todos.
addTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo
properties:
todo:
type: string
description: The todo to add to the list.
required: true
deleteTodoRequest:
type: object
required:
- todo_idx
properties:
todo_idx:
type: integer
description: The index of the todo to delete.
required: true
了解如何构建语义搜索和检索插件
ChatGPT检索插件是一个功能更全面的代码示例。该插件的范围很大，因此OpenAI鼓励您通读代码，看看更高级的插件是什么样子的。
检索插件包括：
- 支持多个矢量数据库提供商
- 所有 4 种不同的身份验证方法
- 多种不同的 API 功能
希望通过公众号「阿杰与AI」，能够帮助你了解AI产品，并可以解决一些生活和工作中问题。
我将分享有关AI的知识和实用建议，希望能够为你带来有价值的认知，一起探索发现AI的机会。
1万+
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
