IPC----pipe的使用

pipe属于进程间通信的一种方式，使用时注意以下几点：

1.常用与亲缘关系间进程通信（亲缘关系进程存在数据拷贝）

2.无名管道属于内核空间

3.无名管道创建成功会产生两个文件描述符：fd[0]用于读管道，fd[1]用于写管道

pipe原型：

int pipe （int pipefd[2]）;//创建无名管道，成功返回0，失败返回-1

举例：父进程将一个文件内容通过匹配传给子进程

源代码：pipe.c

运行： ./a.out  alarm.c   log  //将alarm.c  的内容传给log

运行效果：

#include<stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#include<errno.h>
  
int send_file(int *pipefd,const char *filename)
{
	int fd;
	char buff[1024];
	int n;
	if((fd = open(filename,O_RDONLY)) == -1)
	{
		
		fprintf(stderr,"FAIL TO OPEN THE %s , %s\n",filename,strerror(errno));
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	while(1)
	{
		n = read(fd,buff,sizeof(buff));
		if(n == 0)
			break;

		write(pipefd[1],buff,n);
	}
	return 0;
}
		
int receive_file( int *pipefd,const char *filename)
{
	int fd;
	char buff[1024];
	int n;
	if((fd = open(filename,O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC , 0666))  == -1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"FAIL TO OPEN THE %s , %s\n",filename,strerror(errno));
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	while(1)
	{

		n = read(pipefd[0],buff,sizeof(buff));
		if(n  == 0)
			break;
		write(fd,buff,n);
	}	

	return 0;
}

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	pid_t pid;
	int fd;
	int pipefd[2];

	 if (argc < 3)
	 {
	   fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <string>\n", argv[0]);
	   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	 }
   if(pipe(pipefd) == -1)	
   {
   		perror("pipe");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
	if((pid = fork())  == -1)
	{
		perror("FAIL TO CCREAT PROCESS:");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if(pid == 0)
	{
		close(pipefd[1]);
		receive_file(pipefd,argv[2]);
	}
	if(pid > 0)
	{
		close(pipefd[0]);
		send_file(pipefd,argv[1]);
	}
	

	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}