本文之所以称之为经验,是因为我们经常碰到莫名其妙的问题,从原理上是说不通的。却确确实实碰到了。 在刚开始运行的时候,碰到了下文所表示的错误。本想作为经验总结留下来。为了让错误重现,所以又重新操作了一遍。这时候已经换环境,但是环境与原先没做任何的更改,也就是说他们的配置完全是一样的,神奇的是mapreduce执行的完全正确。对于如果碰到下面问题的同学,可以参考。对于原理性的内容,以后在更新。 对于新手,经常遇到,在eclipse中是可以运行的,但是打包放到集群上,不可行,问题如下: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/conf/Configuration at mapreduce.mapreduce.main(mapreduce.java:24) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358) ... 1 more 复制代码 hadoop jar '/home/user/Desktop/mapreduce.jar' mapreduce 14/03/05 05:35:09 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same. 14/03/05 05:35:09 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set. User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String). 14/03/05 05:35:09 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1 14/03/05 05:35:09 INFO util.NativeCodeLoader: Loaded the native-hadoop library 14/03/05 05:35:10 WARN snappy.LoadSnappy: Snappy native library not loaded 14/03/05 05:35:10 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_201402280238_0011 14/03/05 05:35:11 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 0% reduce 0% 14/03/05 05:35:25 INFO mapred.JobClient: Task Id : attempt_201402280238_0011_m_000000_0, Status : FAILED java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:867) at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext.getMapperClass(JobContext.java:199) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runNewMapper(MapTask.java:719) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:370) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child$4.run(Child.java:255) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1121) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child.main(Child.java:249) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:270) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:820) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:865) ... 8 more 14/03/05 05:35:31 INFO mapred.JobClient: Task Id : attempt_201402280238_0011_m_000000_1, Status : FAILED java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:867) at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext.getMapperClass(JobContext.java:199) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runNewMapper(MapTask.java:719) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:370) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child$4.run(Child.java:255) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1121) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child.main(Child.java:249) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:270) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:820) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:865) ... 8 more 14/03/05 05:35:37 INFO mapred.JobClient: Task Id : attempt_201402280238_0011_m_000000_2, Status : FAILED java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:867) at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext.getMapperClass(JobContext.java:199) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.runNewMapper(MapTask.java:719) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapTask.run(MapTask.java:370) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child$4.run(Child.java:255) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1121) at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child.main(Child.java:249) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mapreduce.mapreduce$MyMapper at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:270) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:820) at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClass(Configuration.java:865) ... 8 more 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_201402280238_0011 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 7 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job Counters 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: SLOTS_MILLIS_MAPS=33927 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Total time spent by all reduces waiting after reserving slots (ms)=0 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Total time spent by all maps waiting after reserving slots (ms)=0 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Launched map tasks=4 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Data-local map tasks=4 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: SLOTS_MILLIS_REDUCES=0 14/03/05 05:35:49 INFO mapred.JobClient: Failed map tasks=1 复制代码 我们需要分析上面是什么错误,其实就是找不到类,为什么会找不到类,是我们打包问题吗?是因为没有环境不正确吗? 是的,这两方面可能都有问题,那么该如何解决 首先来看看我们是如何打包的: 1.单击map.java文件,弹出快捷菜单,选择Export。 2.第一步之后,我们会看到下面,选择Java下面的JAR file。 3.我们单击Next,进入JAR Export选择我们要打的包即可。 4.单击next下一步,然后在下一步,咱们会看到主类,我们选择主类到Main class 5.选择主类到Main class,我们会看到mapreduce.map,其实这是 包名.类型 6.到这一步,单击finish。我们看到了这个包。并且看到它的大小。 打包完毕,我们放到集群上运行: 出现下面情况 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/conf/Configuration 。 解决: 对于上面我们是否可以采用另外一种方法:答案是可以的。 就是我们,打成java运行jar包,是绝对可行的。 我们打完包之后,我们会看到,运行包与前面包进行对比,一个K级别,一个是M级别。 总结: 对于上面产生的问题,通用的方法就是我们可以打包成运行包,在集群上运行是没有问题的。打成运行包,是我们把程序中相关的包都打进运行包中,虽然有点冗余,可以解决初学者面临的这个问题。 但是不适用开发环境和运行环境,版本不一致的情况