jdk14实用新特性

jdk14实用新特性

1.instanceof的模式匹配（预览）

package com.atguigu.feature;

import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 1. JEP 305：instanceof的模式匹配（预览）
 *
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 上午 11:32
 */
public class Feature01 {
    @Test
    public void test1(){

        Object obj = new String("hello,Java14");
        obj = null;//在使用null 匹配instanceof 时，返回都是false.
        if(obj instanceof String){
            String str = (String) obj;
            System.out.println(str.contains("Java"));
        }else{
            System.out.println("非String类型");
        }

        //举例1：
        if(obj instanceof String str){ //新特性：省去了强制类型转换的过程
            System.out.println(str.contains("Java"));
        }else{
            System.out.println("非String类型");
        }
    }
}

// 举例2
class InstanceOf{

    String str = "abc";

    public void test(Object obj){

        if(obj instanceof String str){//此时的str的作用域仅限于if结构内。
            System.out.println(str.toUpperCase());
        }else{
            System.out.println(str.toLowerCase());
        }

    }

}

//举例3：
class Monitor{
    private String model;
    private double price;

//    public boolean equals(Object o){
//        if(o instanceof Monitor other){
//            if(model.equals(other.model) && price == other.price){
//                return true;
//            }
//        }
//        return false;
//    }


    public boolean equals(Object o){
        return o instanceof Monitor other && model.equals(other.model) && price == other.price;
    }

}

2.NullPointerException

package com.atguigu.feature;

/**
 * 使用的NullPointerException的提示
 *  -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages
 *
 *
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 下午 11:14
 */
public class Feature02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Bank bank = new Bank(new Customer(new Account(1000)));
        /*
        Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke
        "com.atguigu.feature.Account.withdraw(double)" because the return value of
        "com.atguigu.feature.Customer.getAccount()" is null
         */
        Bank bank = new Bank(new Customer());

        bank.getCustomer().getAccount().withdraw(200);
    }

}

class Bank {
    private Customer customer;

    public Bank() {
    }

    public Bank(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }

    public Customer getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }

    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }
}

class Customer {
    private Account account;

    public Customer() {
    }

    public Customer(Account account) {
        this.account = account;
    }

    public Account getAccount() {
        return account;
    }

    public void setAccount(Account account) {
        this.account = account;
    }
}

class Account {
    private double balance;//余额

    public Account() {
    }

    public Account(double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    //取钱操作
    public void withdraw(double amt) {
        if (balance >= amt) {
            balance -= amt;
            System.out.println("成功取款：" + amt);
        } else {
            System.out.println("余额不足，取款失败");
        }
    }
}

3.Record（预览特性）

package com.atguigu.feature;

/**
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 下午 6:20
 */
public record Person(String name,Person partner) {

    //还可以声明静态的属性、静态的方法、构造器、实例方法

    public static String nation;

    public static String showNation(){
        return nation;
    }

    public Person(String name){
        this(name,null);
    }

    public String getNameInUpperCase(){
        return name.toUpperCase();
    }
    //不可以声明非静态的属性
//    private int id;//报错
}

//不可以将record定义的类声明为abstract的
//abstract record Order(){
//
//}

//不可以给record定义的类声明显式的父类（非Record类）
//record Order() extends Thread{
//
//}

package com.atguigu.feature;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.HashSet;

/**
 *  Record类型的演示
 *
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 下午 6:13
 */
public class Feature03 {
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        //测试构造器
        Person p1 = new Person("罗密欧",new Person("zhuliye",null));
        //测试toString()
        System.out.println(p1);
        //测试equals():
        Person p2 = new Person("罗密欧",new Person("zhuliye",null));
        System.out.println(p1.equals(p2));

        //测试hashCode()和equals()
        HashSet<Person> set = new HashSet<>();
        set.add(p1);
        set.add(p2);

        for (Person person : set) {
            System.out.println(person);
        }

        //测试name()和partner():类似于getName()和getPartner()
        System.out.println(p1.name());
        System.out.println(p1.partner());

    }

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        Person p1 = new Person("zhuyingtai");

        System.out.println(p1.getNameInUpperCase());

        Person.nation = "CHN";
        System.out.println(Person.showNation());

    }
}

4.switch表达式

package com.atguigu.feature;

import org.junit.Test;

/**
 *  switch的新特性
 *
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 下午 12:10
 */
public class Feature04 {
    //jdk12之前的用法
    @Test
    public void test1() {

        Week day = Week.FRIDAY;
        switch (day) {
            case MONDAY:
            case TUESDAY:
            case WEDNESDAY:
                System.out.println(1);
                break;
            case THURSDAY:
                System.out.println(2);
                break;
            case FRIDAY:
            case SATURDAY:
                System.out.println(3);
                break;
            case SUNDAY:
                System.out.println(4);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalStateException("What day is today?" + day);
        }

    }

    //jdk12新特性：引用switch表达式
    @Test
    public void test2(){

        Week day = Week.FRIDAY;
        switch (day){
            case MONDAY,TUESDAY,WEDNESDAY -> System.out.println(1);
            case THURSDAY -> System.out.println(2);
            case FRIDAY,SATURDAY -> System.out.println(3);
            case SUNDAY -> System.out.println(4);
            default -> throw new IllegalStateException("What day is today?" + day);
        }

        //使用变量接收switch表达式的值
        int num = switch (day) {
            case MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY -> 1;
            case THURSDAY -> 2;
            case FRIDAY, SATURDAY -> 3;
            case SUNDAY -> 4;
            default -> throw new IllegalStateException("What day is today?" + day);
        };

        System.out.println(num);

    }

    //jdk13新特性：引用了yield关键字，用于返回指定的数据，结束switch结构
    @Test
    public void test3(){
        String x = "3";
        int num = switch (x){
            case "1" -> 1;
            case "2" -> 2;
            case "3" -> 3;
            default -> {
                System.out.println("default...");
                yield 4;
            }
        };

        System.out.println(x);
    }

    @Test
    public void test4(){
        String x = "3";
        int num = switch (x){
            case "1":yield 1;
            case "2":yield 2;
            case "3":yield 3;
            default: yield 4;
        };
        System.out.println(num);
    }


}

enum Week {
    MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY;
}

5.文本块（预览第二版）

package com.atguigu.feature;

import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 文本块(text blocks)的使用
 *
 * @author shkstart Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @create 下午 7:13
 */
public class Feature05 {


    @Test
    public void test1(){
        String text1 = "The Sound of silence\n" +
                "Hello darkness, my old friend\n" +
                "I've come to talk with you again\n" +
                "Because a vision softly creeping\n" +
                "Left its seeds while I was sleeping\n" +
                "And the vision that was planted in my brain\n" +
                "Still remains\n" +
                "Within the sound of silence";

        System.out.println(text1);

        //jdk13中的新特性：
        String text2 = """
                The Sound of silence
                Hello darkness, my old friend
                I've come to talk with you again
                Because a vision softly creeping
                Left its seeds while I was sleeping
                And the vision that was planted in my brain
                Still remains
                Within the sound of silence
                """;
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(text2);

        System.out.println(text1.length());
        System.out.println(text2.length());
    }

    //html
    @Test
    public void test2(){
        String html1 = "<html lang=\"en\">\n" +
                "<head>\n" +
                "    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n" +
                "    <title>java14新特性</title>\n" +
                "</head>\n" +
                "<body>\n" +
                "    <p>hello,atguigu</p>\n" +
                "</body>\n" +
                "</html>";
        //jdk13中的新特性：
        String html2 = """
                <html lang="en">
                <head>
                    <meta charset="UTF-8">
                    <title>java14新特性</title>
                </head>
                <body>
                    <p>hello,atguigu</p>
                </body>
                </html>
                """;
    }

    //json
    @Test
    public void test3() {
        //jdk13之前的写法
        String myJson = "{\n" +
                "    \"name\":\"Song Hongkang\",\n" +
                "     \"address\":\"www.atguigu.com\",\n" +
                "    \"email\":\"shkstart@126.com\"\n" +
                "}";
        System.out.println(myJson);

        //jdk13的新特性
        String myJson1 = """
                {
                    "name":"Song Hongkang",
                     "address":"www.atguigu.com",
                    "email":"shkstart@126.com"
                }""";
        System.out.println(myJson1);
    }

    //sql
    @Test
    public void test4(){
        String sql = "SELECT id,NAME,email\n" +
                "FROM customers\n" +
                "WHERE id > 4\n" +
                "ORDER BY email DESC";

        //jdk13新特性：
        String sql1 = """
                SELECT id,NAME,email
                FROM customers
                WHERE id > 4
                ORDER BY email DESC
                """;



    }
    //jdk14新特性
    @Test
    public void test5(){
        String sql1 = """
                SELECT id,NAME,email
                FROM customers
                WHERE id > 4
                ORDER BY email DESC
                """;
        System.out.println(sql1);

        // \:取消换行操作
        // \s:表示一个空格
        String sql2 = """
                SELECT id,NAME,email \
                FROM customers\s\
                WHERE id > 4 \
                ORDER BY email DESC
                """;
        System.out.println(sql2);
    }
}

6.弃用ParallelScavenge和SerialOld GC组合


7.删除CMS垃圾回收器



8.ZGC