c#-依赖注入

1 概要

1.1 依赖注入：从类的外部注入依赖项。

1.2 代码说明：从A的外部注入B（A依赖于B）。

   运行结果

Hello World!
B的机能（A依赖于我的这个机能）

  代码 

using System;

namespace 依赖注入表示性代码
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            B b = new B();
            A a = new A(b);//A注入依赖（b）
            a.fun();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
    class B {
        public void fun()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("B的机能（A依赖于我的这个机能）");
        }
    }

    class A
    {
        B mB;
        public A(B b)
        {
            mB = b;
        }
        public void fun()
        {
            // 我依赖于B的fun机能。
            mB.fun();
        }
    }
}

2 应用举例

2.1 运行效果

Hello World!
hello,stephnie

2.2 代码 

 1.使用没有依赖注入的服务

using System;

namespace 依赖注入
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            var controller = new HomeController();
            string result = controller.Hello("stephnie");
            Console.WriteLine(result);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    public class CreetingServer
    {
        public string Creet(string name) => $"hello,{name}";
    }
    public class HomeController
    {
        public string Hello(string name)
        {
            var mCreetingServer = new CreetingServer();
            return mCreetingServer.Creet(name);
        }
    }
}

 2.使用依赖注入服务

using System;

namespace 依赖注入
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            var controller = new HomeController();
            string result = controller.Hello("stephnie");
            Console.WriteLine(result);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    public class CreetingServer
    {
        public string Creet(string name) => $"hello,{name}";
    }
    public class HomeController
    {
        public string Hello(string name)
        {
            var mCreetingServer = new CreetingServer();
            return mCreetingServer.Creet(name);
        }
    }
}

3.使用容器注入服务 

using System;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace 依赖注入
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            //var controller = new HomeController(new CreetingServer());
            //string result = controller.Hello("stephnie");
            //Console.WriteLine(result);
            using(ServiceProvider container = RegisterServices())
            {
                var controller = container.GetRequiredService<HomeController>();
                string result = controller.Hello("stephnie");
                Console.WriteLine(result);
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
        static ServiceProvider RegisterServices()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection();
            services.AddSingleton<ICreetingServer, CreetingServer>();
            services.AddTransient<HomeController>();
            return services.BuildServiceProvider();
        }
    }

    public interface ICreetingServer
    {
        string Creet(string name);
    }
    public class CreetingServer: ICreetingServer
    {
        public string Creet(string name) => $"hello,{name}";
    }
    public class HomeController
    {
        private readonly ICreetingServer mCreetingServer;
        public HomeController(ICreetingServer s)
        {
            mCreetingServer = s;
        }
        public string Hello(string name)
        {
            return mCreetingServer.Creet(name);
        }
    }
}

附：DependencyInjection包下载