Redis分布式锁严谨的实现方式

本文主要基于Springboot2.x，基于lettuce客户端实现

组件依赖

Maven依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--如果需要使用Redis线程池，需要依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

配置

spring:
  redis:
    timeout: 5000ms
    host: 192.168.1.123
    password: 1password1
    database: 1
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-idle: 8
        min-idle: 1
        max-wait: 3000ms
        max-active: 8

代码实现

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisStringCommands;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.ReturnType;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisCallback;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.types.Expiration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class RedisLock {
    @Resource
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    public static final String UNLOCK_LUA;

    /**
     * 释放锁脚本，原子操作
     */
    static {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("if redis.call(\"get\",KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] ");
        sb.append("then ");
        sb.append("    return redis.call(\"del\",KEYS[1]) ");
        sb.append("else ");
        sb.append("    return 0 ");
        sb.append("end ");
        UNLOCK_LUA = sb.toString();
    }


    /**
     * 获取分布式锁，锁对象、以及设置过期时间应该为原子操作
     * @param lockKey
     * @param requestId 唯一ID, 可以使用UUID.randomUUID().toString();
     * @param expire
     * @param timeUnit
     * @return
     */
    public boolean tryLock(String lockKey, String requestId, long expire, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
        try{
            RedisCallback<Boolean> callback = (connection) -> {
                return connection.set(lockKey.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), requestId.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), Expiration.seconds(timeUnit.toSeconds(expire)), RedisStringCommands.SetOption.SET_IF_ABSENT);
            };
            return (Boolean)redisTemplate.execute(callback);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("redis lock error.", e);
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 释放锁。传入requestId，只能释放自己线程加的锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @param requestId 唯一ID, 可以使用UUID
     * @return
     */
    public boolean releaseLock(String lockKey, String requestId) {
        RedisCallback<Boolean> callback = (connection) -> {
            return connection.eval(UNLOCK_LUA.getBytes(), ReturnType.BOOLEAN ,1, lockKey.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), requestId.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
        };
        return (Boolean)redisTemplate.execute(callback);
    }

    /**
     * 获取Redis锁的value值
     * @param lockKey
     * @return
     */
    public String get(String lockKey) {
        try {
            RedisCallback<String> callback = (connection) -> {
                return new String(connection.get(lockKey.getBytes()), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
            };
            return (String)redisTemplate.execute(callback);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("get redis occurred an exception", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

}

使用

    @Autowired
    RedisLock redisLock;
    
    @Test
    public void testLock() {
        String redisKey = "testLock";
        String requestId = "123456";
        boolean result = redisLock.tryLock(redisKey, requestId, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        System.out.println("lock:" + result);
        System.out.println("release lock:" + redisLock.releaseLock(redisKey, requestId));
    }