Python+selenium 键盘操作事件

前言：写这篇文章的原因是在实施项目的过程中遇到了一些麻烦，项目前端的编写不是很规范，很多关键地方只有xpath可以定位到，并且使用selenium的send.keys()方法不能在输入框输入内容。只能通过操作鼠标点击后，操作键盘来输入内容。所以这里就要提到webdriver的keys方法，但是keys方法里面封装的并没有字母按键，如下图显示

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# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

"""
The Keys implementation.
"""

from __future__ import unicode_literals


class Keys(object):
    """
    Set of special keys codes.
    """

    NULL = '\ue000'
    CANCEL = '\ue001'  # ^break
    HELP = '\ue002'
    BACKSPACE = '\ue003'
    BACK_SPACE = BACKSPACE
    TAB = '\ue004'
    CLEAR = '\ue005'
    RETURN = '\ue006'
    ENTER = '\ue007'
    SHIFT = '\ue008'
    LEFT_SHIFT = SHIFT
    CONTROL = '\ue009'
    LEFT_CONTROL = CONTROL
    ALT = '\ue00a'
    LEFT_ALT = ALT
    PAUSE = '\ue00b'
    ESCAPE = '\ue00c'
    SPACE = '\ue00d'
    PAGE_UP = '\ue00e'
    PAGE_DOWN = '\ue00f'
    END = '\ue010'
    HOME = '\ue011'
    LEFT = '\ue012'
    ARROW_LEFT = LEFT
    UP = '\ue013'
    ARROW_UP = UP
    RIGHT = '\ue014'
    ARROW_RIGHT = RIGHT
    DOWN = '\ue015'
    ARROW_DOWN = DOWN
    INSERT = '\ue016'
    DELETE = '\ue017'
    SEMICOLON = '\ue018'
    EQUALS = '\ue019'

    NUMPAD0 = '\ue01a'  # number pad keys
    NUMPAD1 = '\ue01b'
    NUMPAD2 = '\ue01c'
    NUMPAD3 = '\ue01d'
    NUMPAD4 = '\ue01e'
    NUMPAD5 = '\ue01f'
    NUMPAD6 = '\ue020'
    NUMPAD7 = '\ue021'
    NUMPAD8 = '\ue022'
    NUMPAD9 = '\ue023'
    MULTIPLY = '\ue024'
    ADD = '\ue025'
    SEPARATOR = '\ue026'
    SUBTRACT = '\ue027'
    DECIMAL = '\ue028'
    DIVIDE = '\ue029'

    F1 = '\ue031'  # function  keys
    F2 = '\ue032'
    F3 = '\ue033'
    F4 = '\ue034'
    F5 = '\ue035'
    F6 = '\ue036'
    F7 = '\ue037'
    F8 = '\ue038'
    F9 = '\ue039'
    F10 = '\ue03a'
    F11 = '\ue03b'
    F12 = '\ue03c'

    META = '\ue03d'
    COMMAND = '\ue03d'

 

所以在这里我们可以写一个列表，用来存储所有字母。

    Str = ['a','b','c','d','e',
'f','g','h','i','j','k','l',
'm','n','o','p','q','r','t',
'u','v','w','x','y','z']

然后封装方法，如需点击字母只需要调用即可。

    # 定位元素方法
    def find_element(self, selector):
        """
         这个地方为什么是根据=>来切割字符串，请看页面里定位元素的方法
         submit_btn = "id=>su"
         login_lnk = "xpath => //*[@id='u1']/a[7]"  # 百度首页登录链接定位
         如果采用等号，结果很多xpath表达式中包含一个=，这样会造成切割不准确，影响元素定位
        :param selector:
        :return: element
        """
        element = ''
        if '=>' not in selector:
            return self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector)
        selector_by = selector.split('=>')[0]
        selector_value = selector.split('=>')[1]
 
        if selector_by == "i" or selector_by == 'id':
            try:
                element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector_value)
                logger.info("Had find the element \' %s \' successful "
                            "by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
            except NoSuchElementException as e:
                logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
                self.get_windows_img()   # take screenshot
        elif selector_by == "n" or selector_by == 'name':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(selector_value)
        elif selector_by == "c" or selector_by == 'class_name':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(selector_value)
        elif selector_by == "l" or selector_by == 'link_text':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(selector_value)
        elif selector_by == "p" or selector_by == 'partial_link_text':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(selector_value)
        elif selector_by == "t" or selector_by == 'tag_name':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(selector_value)
        elif selector_by == "x" or selector_by == 'xpath':
            try:
                element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(selector_value)
                logger.info("Had find the element \' %s \' successful "
                                "by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
            except NoSuchElementException as e:
                logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
                self.get_windows_img()
        elif selector_by == "s" or selector_by == 'selector_selector':
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(selector_value)
        else:
            raise NameError("Please enter a valid type of targeting elements.")
 
        return element


    # 键盘输入
    def keyboard_entry(self,selector,i):
        el =self.find_element(selector)
        try:
            el.send_keys(Keys.Str[i])
        except NameError as e:
            logger.error("Failed to input the str with %s" % e)

这里只是粗略的写了，给自己留个印象，后面会继续完善。