前面介绍了怎么从DLL中导出函数,下面我们来看一下如何从DLL中导出变量来。
声明为导出变量时,同样有两种方法:
第一种是用__declspec进行导出声明
#ifndef _DLL_SAMPLE_H
#define _DLL_SAMPLE_H
// 如果定义了C++编译器,那么声明为C链接方式
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern " C " {
#endif
// 通过宏来控制是导入还是导出
#ifdef _DLL_SAMPLE
#define DLL_SAMPLE_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define DLL_SAMPLE_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif
// 导出/导入变量声明
DLL_SAMPLE_API extern int DLLData;
#undef DLL_SAMPLE_API
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
#define _DLL_SAMPLE_H
// 如果定义了C++编译器,那么声明为C链接方式
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern " C " {
#endif
// 通过宏来控制是导入还是导出
#ifdef _DLL_SAMPLE
#define DLL_SAMPLE_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define DLL_SAMPLE_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif
// 导出/导入变量声明
DLL_SAMPLE_API extern int DLLData;
#undef DLL_SAMPLE_API
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
第二种是用模块定义文件(.def)进行导出声明
LIBRARY DLLSample
DESCRIPTION " my simple DLL "
EXPORTS
DLLData DATA ;DATA表示这是数据(变量)
DESCRIPTION " my simple DLL "
EXPORTS
DLLData DATA ;DATA表示这是数据(变量)
下面是DLL的实现文件
#include
"
stdafx.h
"
#define _DLL_SAMPLE
#ifndef _DLL_SAMPLE_H
#include " DLLSample.h "
#endif
#include " stdio.h "
int DLLData;
// APIENTRY声明DLL函数入口点
BOOL APIENTRY DllMain(HANDLE hModule, DWORD ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
switch (ul_reason_for_call)
{
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
DLLData = 123; // 在入口函数中对变量进行初始化
break
case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
#define _DLL_SAMPLE
#ifndef _DLL_SAMPLE_H
#include " DLLSample.h "
#endif
#include " stdio.h "
int DLLData;
// APIENTRY声明DLL函数入口点
BOOL APIENTRY DllMain(HANDLE hModule, DWORD ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
switch (ul_reason_for_call)
{
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
DLLData = 123; // 在入口函数中对变量进行初始化
break
case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
同样,应用程序调用DLL中的变量也有两种方法。
第一种是隐式链接:
#include
<
stdio.h
>
#include " DLLSample.h "
#pragma comment(lib, " DLLSample.lib " )
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
printf("%d ", DLLSample);
return 0;
}
#include " DLLSample.h "
#pragma comment(lib, " DLLSample.lib " )
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
printf("%d ", DLLSample);
return 0;
}
第二种是显式链接:
#include
<
iostream
>
#include < windows.h >
int main()
{
int my_int;
HINSTANCE hInstLibrary = LoadLibrary("DLLSample.dll");
if (hInstLibrary == NULL)
{
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
}
my_int = *(int*)GetProcAddress(hInstLibrary, "DLLData");
if (dllFunc == NULL)
{
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
}
std::cout<<my_int;
std::cin.get();
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
return(1);
}
#include < windows.h >
int main()
{
int my_int;
HINSTANCE hInstLibrary = LoadLibrary("DLLSample.dll");
if (hInstLibrary == NULL)
{
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
}
my_int = *(int*)GetProcAddress(hInstLibrary, "DLLData");
if (dllFunc == NULL)
{
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
}
std::cout<<my_int;
std::cin.get();
FreeLibrary(hInstLibrary);
return(1);
}
通过GetProcAddress取出的函数或者变量都是地址,因此,需要解引用并且转类型。