好久没有做过关于AJAX的东西了,平时做的也无非就是通过XHP要么用GET(请求部分是追加到URL中的并且浏览器对其长度有会有限制)方法要么通过POST(请求参数内容可以放到请求体中并且无量的限制)方法。传递的无非是些参数值(以名=值的方式出现as : name=jkallen)要么就是DOM对象了。再发到到服务端后做些处理再返回到客户端显示对应结果。
今天看到了一个好东东,就是通过JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)向服务器发送数据。它是一种轻量级的数据交换格式,使用了类似于C语言家族的习惯。
那个json.js就是我们下下来的包啦!
我们再看看在server端的处理
那个不起眼的org.json.JSONObject就是我们从JSON.ORG上下下来的JAVA包!它上面也有JSONObject的JAVA DOC所以不用担心不知道用啦!
OK到此全部搞定啦!
可以看到这样比我们平时通过XHP传递一个DOM对象(通过连接串来创建XML串)要方便些!再说通过连接串来处理也不是生成XML数据结构的健壮技术!
参考资料: foundations-of-ajax
www.json.org
今天看到了一个好东东,就是通过JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)向服务器发送数据。它是一种轻量级的数据交换格式,使用了类似于C语言家族的习惯。
JSON具有以下这些形式:
a : 对象是一个无序的“‘名称/值’对”集合。一个对象以“{”(左括号)开始,“}”(右括号)结束。每个“名称”后跟一个“:”(冒号);“‘名称/值’ 对”之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔。
b: 数组是值(value)的有序集合。一个数组以“[”(左中括号)开始,“]”(右中括号)结束。值之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔。
c: 值(value)可以是双引号括起来的字符串(string)、数值(number)、 ture、false、 null、对象(object)或者数组(array)。这些结构可以嵌套。
d: 字符串(string)是由双引号包围的任意数量Unicode字符的集合,使用反斜线转义。一个字符(character)即一个单独的字符串(character string)。
不多说了,关于JSON其实在 www.json.org 上讲得太好了!上面不但有每个JAVA的源文件,而且每个文件都有与之对应的JAVA DOC!还有不少实例!
我就选了json in java and json in javascript 二个链接 ,从这二个地方可以下到JSON的javascript包和Java包。
Javascript 包的应用如下:
首先创建一个符合json的对象,并通过XHP发送到sever
<
script type
=
"
text/javascript
"
src
=
"
json.js
"
></
script
>
< script type = " text/javascript " >
var xmlHttp;
function createXMLHttpRequest() {
if (window.ActiveXObject) {
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject( " Microsoft.XMLHTTP " );
}
else if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
}
function doJSON() {
var car = getCarObject();
// Use the JSON JavaScript library to stringify the Car object
var carAsJSON = JSON.stringify(car);
alert( " Car object as JSON:/n " + carAsJSON);
var url = " JSONExample?timeStamp= " + new Date().getTime();
createXMLHttpRequest();
xmlHttp.open( " POST " , url, true );
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-Type " , " application/x-www-form-urlencoded " );
xmlHttp.send(carAsJSON);
}
function handleStateChange() {
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ) {
if (xmlHttp.status == 200 ) {
parseResults();
}
}
}
function parseResults() {
var responseDiv = document.getElementById( " serverResponse " );
if (responseDiv.hasChildNodes()) {
responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[ 0 ]);
}
var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);
responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);
}
function getCarObject() {
return new Car( " Dodge " , " Coronet R/T " , 1968 , " yellow " );
}
function Car(make, model, year, color) {
this .make = make;
this .model = model;
this .year = year;
this .color = color;
}
</ script >
< script type = " text/javascript " >
var xmlHttp;
function createXMLHttpRequest() {
if (window.ActiveXObject) {
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject( " Microsoft.XMLHTTP " );
}
else if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
}
function doJSON() {
var car = getCarObject();
// Use the JSON JavaScript library to stringify the Car object
var carAsJSON = JSON.stringify(car);
alert( " Car object as JSON:/n " + carAsJSON);
var url = " JSONExample?timeStamp= " + new Date().getTime();
createXMLHttpRequest();
xmlHttp.open( " POST " , url, true );
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-Type " , " application/x-www-form-urlencoded " );
xmlHttp.send(carAsJSON);
}
function handleStateChange() {
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ) {
if (xmlHttp.status == 200 ) {
parseResults();
}
}
}
function parseResults() {
var responseDiv = document.getElementById( " serverResponse " );
if (responseDiv.hasChildNodes()) {
responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[ 0 ]);
}
var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);
responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);
}
function getCarObject() {
return new Car( " Dodge " , " Coronet R/T " , 1968 , " yellow " );
}
function Car(make, model, year, color) {
this .make = make;
this .model = model;
this .year = year;
this .color = color;
}
</ script >
那个json.js就是我们下下来的包啦!
我们再看看在server端的处理
package
ajaxbook.chap3;
import java.io. * ;
import java.net. * ;
import java.text.ParseException;
import javax.servlet. * ;
import javax.servlet.http. * ;
import org.json.JSONObject;
public class JSONExample extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String json = readJSONStringFromRequestBody(request);
// Use the JSON-Java binding library to create a JSON object in Java
JSONObject jsonObject = null ;
try {
jsonObject = new JSONObject(json);
}
catch (ParseException pe) {
System.out.println( " ParseException: " + pe.toString());
}
String responseText = " You have a " + jsonObject.getInt( " year " ) + " "
+ jsonObject.getString( " make " ) + " " + jsonObject.getString( " model " )
+ " " + " that is " + jsonObject.getString( " color " ) + " in color. " ;
response.setContentType( " text/xml " );
response.getWriter().print(responseText);
}
private String readJSONStringFromRequestBody(HttpServletRequest request) {
StringBuffer json = new StringBuffer();
String line = null ;
try {
BufferedReader reader = request.getReader();
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null ) {
json.append(line);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println( " Error reading JSON string: " + e.toString());
}
return json.toString();
}
}
import java.io. * ;
import java.net. * ;
import java.text.ParseException;
import javax.servlet. * ;
import javax.servlet.http. * ;
import org.json.JSONObject;
public class JSONExample extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String json = readJSONStringFromRequestBody(request);
// Use the JSON-Java binding library to create a JSON object in Java
JSONObject jsonObject = null ;
try {
jsonObject = new JSONObject(json);
}
catch (ParseException pe) {
System.out.println( " ParseException: " + pe.toString());
}
String responseText = " You have a " + jsonObject.getInt( " year " ) + " "
+ jsonObject.getString( " make " ) + " " + jsonObject.getString( " model " )
+ " " + " that is " + jsonObject.getString( " color " ) + " in color. " ;
response.setContentType( " text/xml " );
response.getWriter().print(responseText);
}
private String readJSONStringFromRequestBody(HttpServletRequest request) {
StringBuffer json = new StringBuffer();
String line = null ;
try {
BufferedReader reader = request.getReader();
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null ) {
json.append(line);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println( " Error reading JSON string: " + e.toString());
}
return json.toString();
}
}
那个不起眼的org.json.JSONObject就是我们从JSON.ORG上下下来的JAVA包!它上面也有JSONObject的JAVA DOC所以不用担心不知道用啦!
OK到此全部搞定啦!
可以看到这样比我们平时通过XHP传递一个DOM对象(通过连接串来创建XML串)要方便些!再说通过连接串来处理也不是生成XML数据结构的健壮技术!
参考资料: foundations-of-ajax
www.json.org