java连接linux的三种方式

1. 使用JDK自带的RunTime类和Process类实现

public static void main(String[] args){
    Process proc = RunTime.getRunTime().exec("cd /home/tom; ls;")

    // 标准输入流（必须写在 waitFor 之前）
    String inStr = consumeInputStream(proc.getInputStream());
    // 标准错误流（必须写在 waitFor 之前）
    String errStr = consumeInputStream(proc.getErrorStream());

    int retCode = proc.waitFor();
    if(retCode == 0){
        System.out.println("程序正常执行结束");
    }
}

/**
 *   消费inputstream，并返回
 */
public static String consumeInputStream(InputStream is){
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
    String s ;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    while((s=br.readLine())!=null){
        System.out.println(s);
        sb.append(s);
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

2. 远程调用（一）

<!--ganymed-ssh2包-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>ch.ethz.ganymed</groupId>
    <artifactId>ganymed-ssh2</artifactId>
    <version>build210</version>
</dependency>

import ch.ethz.ssh2.Connection;
import ch.ethz.ssh2.Session;

public static void main(String[] args){
    String host = "210.38.162.181";
    int port = 22;
    String username = "root";
    String password = "root";
    // 创建连接
    Connection conn = new Connection(host, port);
    // 启动连接
    conn.connection();
    // 验证用户密码
    conn.authenticateWithPassword(username, password);
    Session session = conn.openSession();
    session.execCommand("cd /home/winnie; ls;");
    
    // 消费所有输入流
    String inStr = consumeInputStream(session.getStdout());
    String errStr = consumeInputStream(session.getStderr());
    
    session.close;
    conn.close();
}

/**
 *   消费inputstream，并返回
 */
public static String consumeInputStream(InputStream is){
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
    String s ;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    while((s=br.readLine())!=null){
        System.out.println(s);
        sb.append(s);
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

2. 远程调用（二）
   jsch实现

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.jcraft</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsch</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.55</version>
</dependency>

import com.jcraft.jsch.JSch;
import com.jcraft.jsch.Session;

public static void main(String[] args){
    String host = "210.38.162.181";
    int port = 22;
    String username = "root";
    String password = "root";
    // 创建JSch
    JSch jSch = new JSch();
    // 获取session
    Session session = jSch.getSession(username, host, port);
    session.setPassword(password);
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    prop.put("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");
    session.setProperties(prop);
    // 启动连接
    session.connect();
    ChannelExec exec = (ChannelExec)session.openChannel("exec");
    exec.setCommand("cd /home/winnie; ls;");
    exec.setInputStream(null);
    exec.setErrStream(System.err);
    exec.connect();
   
    // 消费所有输入流，必须在exec之后
    String inStr = consumeInputStream(exec.getInputStream());
    String errStr = consumeInputStream(exec.getErrStream());
    
    exec.disconnect();
    session.disconnect();
}

/**
 *   消费inputstream，并返回
 */
public static String consumeInputStream(InputStream is){
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
    String s ;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    while((s=br.readLine())!=null){
        System.out.println(s);
        sb.append(s);
    }
    return sb.toString();
}

完整代码：

• 执行shell命令

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.jcraft</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsch</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.55</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>ch.ethz.ganymed</groupId>
    <artifactId>ganymed-ssh2</artifactId>
    <version>build210</version>
</dependency>

import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import com.jcraft.jsch.ChannelShell;
import com.jcraft.jsch.JSch;
import com.jcraft.jsch.Session;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Vector;

/**
 * shell脚本调用类
 *
 * @author Micky
 */
public class SshUtil {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SshUtil.class);
    private Vector<String> stdout;
    // 会话session
    Session session;
    //输入IP、端口、用户名和密码，连接远程服务器
    public SshUtil(final String ipAddress, final String username, final String password, int port) {
        try {
            JSch jsch = new JSch();
            session = jsch.getSession(username, ipAddress, port);
            session.setPassword(password);
            session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no");
            session.connect(100000);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public int execute(final String command) {
        int returnCode = 0;
        ChannelShell channel = null;
        PrintWriter printWriter = null;
        BufferedReader input = null;
        stdout = new Vector<String>();
        try {
            channel = (ChannelShell) session.openChannel("shell");
            channel.connect();
            input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(channel.getInputStream()));
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(channel.getOutputStream());
            printWriter.println(command);
            printWriter.println("exit");
            printWriter.flush();
            logger.info("The remote command is: ");
            String line;
            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
                stdout.add(line);
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return -1;
        }finally {
            IoUtil.close(printWriter);
            IoUtil.close(input);
            if (channel != null) {
                channel.disconnect();
            }
        }
        return returnCode;
    }

    // 断开连接
    public void close(){
        if (session != null) {
            session.disconnect();
        }
    }
    // 执行命令获取执行结果
    public String executeForResult(String command) {
        execute(command);
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (String str : stdout) {
            sb.append(str);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	String cmd = "ls /opt/";
        SshUtil execute = new SshUtil("XXX","abc","XXX",22);
        // 执行命令
        String result = execute.executeForResult(cmd);
        System.out.println(result);
        execute.close();
    }
}

• 下载和上传文件

/**
 * 下载和上传文件
 */
public class ScpClientUtil {

    private String ip;
    private int port;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    static private ScpClientUtil instance;

    static synchronized public ScpClientUtil getInstance(String ip, int port, String username, String passward) {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new ScpClientUtil(ip, port, username, passward);
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public ScpClientUtil(String ip, int port, String username, String passward) {
        this.ip = ip;
        this.port = port;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = passward;
    }

    public void getFile(String remoteFile, String localTargetDirectory) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip, port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username, password);
            if (!isAuthenticated) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            client.get(remoteFile, localTargetDirectory);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            conn.close();
        }
    }

    public void putFile(String localFile, String remoteTargetDirectory) {
        putFile(localFile, null, remoteTargetDirectory);
    }

    public void putFile(String localFile, String remoteFileName, String remoteTargetDirectory) {
        putFile(localFile, remoteFileName, remoteTargetDirectory,null);
    }

    public void putFile(String localFile, String remoteFileName, String remoteTargetDirectory, String mode) {
        Connection conn = new Connection(ip, port);
        try {
            conn.connect();
            boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username, password);
            if (!isAuthenticated) {
                System.err.println("authentication failed");
            }
            SCPClient client = new SCPClient(conn);
            if ((mode == null) || (mode.length() == 0)) {
                mode = "0600";
            }
            if (remoteFileName == null) {
                client.put(localFile, remoteTargetDirectory);
            } else {
                client.put(localFile, remoteFileName, remoteTargetDirectory, mode);
            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            conn.close();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ScpClientUtil scpClient = ScpClientUtil.getInstance("XXX", 22, "XXX", "XXX");
        // 从远程服务器/opt下的index.html下载到本地项目根路径下
        scpClient.getFile("/opt/index.html","./");
       // 把本地项目下根路径下的index.html上传到远程服务器/opt目录下
        scpClient.putFile("./index.html","/opt");
    }
}