centos7利用crontab进行mysql定时备份

1. 新建mysql3306_backup.sh文件

   #!/bin/bash
    
   # 以下配置信息请自己修改
   mysql_user="USER" #MySQL备份用户
   mysql_password="PASSWORD" #MySQL备份用户的密码
   mysql_host="localhost"
   mysql_port="3306"
   mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
   backup_db_arr=("db1" "db2") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
   backup_location=/opt/mysql  #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
   expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
   expire_days=3 #过期时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
    
   # 本行开始以下不需要修改
   backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`  #定义备份详细时间
   backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
   backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
   backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd  #备份文件夹全路径
   welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
    
   # 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
   mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
   mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
   if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
           echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
           exit
   else
           echo $welcome_msg
   fi
    
   # 连接到mysql数据库，无法连接则备份退出
   mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
   use mysql;
   select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
   exit
   end
    
   flag=`echo $?`
   if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
           echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
           exit
   else
           echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
           # 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
           if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
                   #dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
                   #echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
                   for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
                   do
                           echo "database $dbname backup start..."
                           `mkdir -p $backup_dir`
                           `mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
                           flag=`echo $?`
                           if [ $flag == "0" ];then
                                   echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
                           else
                                   echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
                           fi
                           
                   done
           else
                   echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
                   exit
           fi
           # 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
           if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a  "$backup_location" != "" ];then
                    #`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
                    `find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
                    echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
           fi
           echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
           exit
   fi
   

2. 可执行权限

   # 设置拥有者可读写，其他人不可读写执行
   chmod 600 /data/mysql3306_backup.sh
    
   # 赋予“可执行”权限
   chmod +x /data/mysql3306_backup.sh
   

3. 使用crontab定时执行shell文件
   每天凌晨1:00执行文件，同时自定义输出日志到/data/mysql3306_backup.log中
   

   # 便捷编辑定时任务
   crontab -e
    
   # 配置
   00 01 * * * /data/mysql3306_backup.sh >> /data/mysql3306_backup.log 2>&1
   

   

   # 重载一遍 crond
   systemctl reload crond.service
    
   # 查看任务
   crontab -l