应用启动时就执行特定处理

一、ApplicationContextAware接口

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

package org.springframework.context;   import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.Aware; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;   public interface ApplicationContextAware extends Aware {     void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext var1) throws BeansException; }

二、ServletContextAware 接口

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

package org.springframework.web.context;   import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import org.springframework.beans.factory.Aware;   public interface ServletContextAware extends Aware {     void setServletContext(ServletContext var1); }

三、InitializingBean 接口

1 2 3 4 5

package org.springframework.beans.factory;   public interface InitializingBean {     void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception; }

四、ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent> 接口

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

package org.springframework.context;   import java.util.EventListener; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;   public interface ApplicationListener<E extends ApplicationEvent> extends EventListener {     void onApplicationEvent(E var1); }

示例程序：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

package test.web.listener;   import org.apache.logging.log4j.*; import org.springframework.beans.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean; import org.springframework.context.*; import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware; import javax.servlet.ServletContext;   @Component public class StartupListener implements ApplicationContextAware, ServletContextAware,         InitializingBean, ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {       protected Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger();       @Override     public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ctx) throws BeansException {         logger.info("1 => StartupListener.setApplicationContext");     }       @Override     public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {         logger.info("2 => StartupListener.setServletContext");     }       @Override     public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {         logger.info("3 => StartupListener.afterPropertiesSet");     }       @Override     public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent evt) {         logger.info("4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent");         if (evt.getApplicationContext().getParent() == null) {             logger.info("4.2 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent");         }     }   }

运行时，输出的顺序如下：

1 => StartupListener.setApplicationContext
2 => StartupListener.setServletContext
3 => StartupListener.afterPropertiesSet
4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent
4.2 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent
4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent

注意：onApplicationEvent方法会触发多次，初始化这种事情，越早越好，建议在setApplicationContext方法中处理。