安装oracle，客户端字符集乱码问题

转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/xushuyi/articles/4391986.html

进入sys：
sqlplus / as sysdba
执行语句：

	SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
	STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE;
	ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
	ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
	ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
	ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
	ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8;
	SHUTDOWN immediate;
	startup;

如果这句报这个错，则按一下方法解决
SQL> ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8;
ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
*
ERROR 位于第 1 行:
ORA-12714: 指定的国家字符集无效

SQL> !oerr ora 12714;
12714, 00000, “invalid national character set specified”
// *Cause: Only UTF8 and AL16UTF16 are allowed to be used as the national
// character set
// *Action: Ensure that the specified national character set is valid

SQL> alter database character set AL32UTF8;
alter database character set AL32UTF8
ERROR 位于第 1 行:
ORA-12712: 新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;
数据库已更改。