一个工作组(Group)里可以有多个用户(User),一个User只属于一个Group,这是典型的多对一的关系。在多对一的关系中正确的数据库设计是在多的这方(在这里是User这方)加一个Group的外键。如果数据库设计的与之相反就会产生冗余,请看下面这个例子:
友情提示:这是错误的设计方法:
GroupId | GroupName | UserId |
1 | Group_1 | 1 |
1 | Group_1 | 2 |
UserId | UserName |
1 | moluo |
2 | xingzhe |
先写Annotation版本的多对一单向关联:
先建Group类:
package com.hibernate.model;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="_Group")
public class Group {
private int id;
private String name;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
再建User类:
package com.hibernate.model;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="_User")
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private Group group;
@ManyToOne
public Group getGroup() {
return group;
}
public void setGroup(Group group) {
this.group = group;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
在多的这方加group的外键,并在get方法上注明:@manyToOne
配置文件:
<mapping class="com.hibernate.model.User"/>
<mapping class="com.hibernate.model.Group"/>
测试用例:
package com.hibernate.model;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
public class ORMappingTest {
public static SessionFactory sf = null;
//@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass(){
try{
sf = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
}
}
@Test
public void testSchemaExport(){
new SchemaExport(new AnnotationConfiguration().configure()).create(false, true);
}
//@AfterClass
public static void afterClass(){
sf.close();
}
}
先写xml版本的多对一单向关联:
Group和User类以及测试用例同上,不再赘述
我把映射文件贴出来:
User.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.model">
<class name="User" table="_User">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"></property>
<many-to-one name="group" column="groupId"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Group.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.model">
<class name="Group" table="_Group">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
尊重版权,转载请注明本文链接
欢迎关注行者摩罗微信公众号(xingzhemoluo),共同交流编程经验,扫描下方二维码即可;