选择索引 最左边规则

最左边规则：这种情况发生在多个有索引的域上，mysql从索引列表的最左边开始，按顺序使用他们。
alter table customer add initial varchar(5);
alter table customer add index(surname,initial,first_name);
update customer set initial=‘x‘ where id=1;
update customer set initial=‘c‘ where id=2;
update customer set initial=‘v‘ where id=3;
update customer set initial=‘b‘ where id=4;
update customer set initial=‘n‘ where id=20;
update customer set initial=‘m‘ where id=21;
如果在查询中使用了这三个域，那就最大限度的利用了索引：select * from customer where surname=‘clegg‘ and initial=‘x‘ and first_name=‘yvonne‘;
或者是利用索引的大部分：select * from customer where surname=‘clegg‘ and initial=‘x‘;
或仅仅是surname：select * from customer where surname=‘clegg‘;
如果打破最左边规则，下面的例子就不会用到索引：select * from customer where initial=‘x‘ and first_name=‘yvonne‘;
select * from customer where initial=‘x‘ ;
select * from customer where first_name=‘yvonne‘;
select * from customer where surname=‘clegg‘ and first_name=‘yvonne‘;