gradle 入门篇之 task

最近在udemy上学习gradle，本文主要介绍gradle的task，如果本文对您有帮助，请不要吝啬您的点赞，谢谢～

新建一个task

初始化工程

新建一个工程 firstproject，cd进入，
输入 gradle init 会出现让你选择一种工程类型，然后输入 1， 表示创建一个basic的gradle工程，然后选择 1 表示 用Groovy作为DSL，然后输入工程名称，最后创建成功

查看tasks

运行gradle tasks

新建一个task

编辑 build.gradle,新建一个task名为 firstTask

/*
 * This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
 *
 * This is a general purpose Gradle build.
 * Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/samples
 */
println('start')
task (firstTask) {
    println 'Gradle Rocks!!'
    doFirst() {
        println 'doFirst!'
    }
    doLast() {
        println 'doLast!'
    }
}
println('end')

再次运行 gradle tasks --all，可以看见多了一些东西：task运行的内容，以及 other tasks多了一个我们定义的 firstTask

继续运行 gradle firstTask 或者 gradle fT (firstTask 的缩写)

可以看见firstTask里面的两个方法被执行了

探究task的执行时期

task的执行时期

再次编辑 build.gradle, 新建另一个task deployToStage

/*
 * This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
 *
 * This is a general purpose Gradle build.
 * Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/samples
 */
println('start')
task (firstTask) {
    def abc = 123
    println abc
    println 'Gradle Rocks!!'
    doFirst() {
        println 'doFirst!'
    }
    doLast() {
        println 'doLast!'
    }
}

task deployToStage {
    println "Deployed to stage"
}
println('end')

继续运行 gradle deployToStage 或者 gradle dTS (deployToStage 的缩写)，得到

可以发现再Configure 阶段就开始执行里面的内容

task依赖

再次编辑 build.gradle, 新建另一个task deployToProd，并设置deployToProd依赖于deployToStage

/*
 * This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
 *
 * This is a general purpose Gradle build.
 * Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/samples
 */
println('start')
task (firstTask) {
    def abc = 123
    println abc
    println 'Gradle Rocks!!'
    doFirst() {
        println 'doFirst!'
    }
    doLast() {
        println 'doLast!'
    }
}

task deployToStage {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to stage"
    }
}

task deployToProd {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to prod"
    }
}
deployToProd.dependsOn deployToStage
println('end')

继续运行 gradle deployToProd 或者 gradle dTP (deployToProd 的缩写)，得到

发现deployToStage执行了，随后执行deployToProd，但是firstTask没有执行

finalizedBy

再次编辑 build.gradle, 新建另一个task cleanupFiles，并设置cleanupFiles在完成deployToProd之后执行

/*
 * This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
 *
 * This is a general purpose Gradle build.
 * Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/samples
 */
println('start')
task (firstTask) {
    def abc = 123
    println abc
    println 'Gradle Rocks!!'
    doFirst() {
        println 'doFirst!'
    }
    doLast() {
        println 'doLast!'
    }
}

task deployToStage {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to stage"
    }
}

task deployToProd {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to prod"
    }
}

task cleanupFiles {
    doLast() {
        println "Cleaned Up Files"
    }
}
deployToProd.dependsOn deployToStage
deployToProd.finalizedBy cleanupFiles
println('end')

继续运行 gradle deployToProd 或者 gradle dTP (deployToProd 的缩写)，得到

发现首先执行 deployToStage, 然后执行 deployToProd, 然后执行 cleanupFiles

默认执行的task

再次编辑 build.gradle, 添加默认执行的语句：defaultTasks "deployToStage"

/*
 * This file was generated by the Gradle 'init' task.
 *
 * This is a general purpose Gradle build.
 * Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.1.1/samples
 */
println('start')
task (firstTask) {
    def abc = 123
    println abc
    println 'Gradle Rocks!!'
    doFirst() {
        println 'doFirst!'
    }
    doLast() {
        println 'doLast!'
    }
}

task deployToStage {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to stage"
    }
}

task deployToProd {
    doLast(){
        println "Deployed to prod"
    }
}

task cleanupFiles {
    doLast() {
        println "Cleaned Up Files"
    }
}
deployToProd.dependsOn deployToStage
deployToProd.finalizedBy cleanupFiles

defaultTasks "deployToStage"
println('end')

输入gradle命令：发现虽然没有指定执行的任务，但是deployToStage被执行了