C# 动态构建表达式(Expression)
问题来源:前端文本输入框以分隔符(比如"aa|bb|cc")传进来的字符串,针对一个字段做的查询条件;由于该字符串分隔符数量不确定,因此需要动态构建出来;
旨在实现例如以下效果:
var users = await _context.Users.Where(s=>s.Name.Contains(“aa”) || s.Name.Contains(“bb”) || s.Name.Contains(“cc”)).ToListAsync();
以下是后端代码的相关实现
1.新建两个类如下:
public class PredicateExpressionVisitor : ExpressionVisitor
{
public ParameterExpression _parameter { get; set; }
public PredicateExpressionVisitor(ParameterExpression parameter)
{
_parameter = parameter;
}
protected override Expression VisitParameter(ParameterExpression p)
{
return _parameter;
}
public override Expression Visit(Expression expression)
{
//Visit会根据VisitParameter()方法返回的Expression进行相关变量替换
return base.Visit(expression);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Linq表达式扩展方法
/// </summary>
public static class PredicateExtensions
{
/// <summary>
/// 以And合并单个表达式
/// 此处采用AndAlso实现“最短路径”,避免掉额外且不需要的比较运算式
/// </summary>
public static Expression<Func<T, bool>> MergeAnd<T>(this Expression<Func<T, bool>> leftExpress, Expression<Func<T, bool>> rightExpress)
{
//声明传递参数(也就是表达式树里面的参数别名s)
ParameterExpression parameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "s");
//统一管理参数,保证参数一致,否则会报错
var visitor = new PredicateExpressionVisitor(parameter);
//表达式树内容
Expression left = visitor.Visit(leftExpress.Body);
Expression right = visitor.Visit(rightExpress.Body);
//合并表达式
return Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(Expression.AndAlso(left, right), parameter);
}
/// <summary>
/// 以And合并多个表达式
/// 此处采用AndAlso实现“最短路径”,避免掉额外且不需要的比较运算式
/// </summary>
public static Expression<Func<T, bool>> MergeAnd<T>(this Expression<Func<T, bool>> express, params Expression<Func<T, bool>>[] arrayExpress)
{
if (!arrayExpress?.Any() ?? true) return express;
//声明传递参数(也就是表达式树里面的参数别名s)
ParameterExpression parameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "s");
//统一管理参数,保证参数一致,否则会报错
var visitor = new PredicateExpressionVisitor(parameter);
Expression<Func<T, bool>> result = null;
//合并表达式
foreach (var curExpression in arrayExpress)
{
//表达式树内容
Expression left = visitor.Visit(result.Body);
Expression right = visitor.Visit(curExpression.Body);
result = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(Expression.AndAlso(left, right), parameter);
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 以Or合并表达式
/// 此处采用OrElse实现“最短路径”,避免掉额外且不需要的比较运算式
/// </summary>
public static Expression<Func<T, bool>> MergeOr<T>(this Expression<Func<T, bool>> leftExpress, Expression<Func<T, bool>> rightExpress)
{
//声明传递参数(也就是表达式树里面的参数别名s)
ParameterExpression parameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "s");
//统一管理参数,保证参数一致,否则会报错
var visitor = new PredicateExpressionVisitor(parameter);
//表达式树内容
Expression left = visitor.Visit(leftExpress.Body);
Expression right = visitor.Visit(rightExpress.Body);
//合并表达式
return Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(Expression.OrElse(left, right), parameter);
}
/// <summary>
/// 以Or合并多个表达式
/// 此处采用AndAlso实现“最短路径”,避免掉额外且不需要的比较运算式
/// </summary>
public static Expression<Func<T, bool>> MergeOr<T>(this Expression<Func<T, bool>> express, params Expression<Func<T, bool>>[] arrayExpress)
{
if (!arrayExpress?.Any() ?? true) return express;
//声明传递参数(也就是表达式树里面的参数别名s)
ParameterExpression parameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "s");
//统一管理参数,保证参数一致,否则会报错
var visitor = new PredicateExpressionVisitor(parameter);
Expression<Func<T, bool>> result = null;
//合并表达式
foreach (var curExpression in arrayExpress)
{
//表达式树内容
Expression left = visitor.Visit(result.Body);
Expression right = visitor.Visit(curExpression.Body);
result = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, bool>>(Expression.OrElse(left, right), parameter);
}
return result;
}
}
2.在对应的接口中调用就能实现功能了(这里的search.Name以分隔符|举例,比如"aa|bb|cc")
//在文件夹下所搜多个文件名包含的查询条件
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(search.Name))
{
var names = search.Name.Split('|').ToList();
Expression<Func<FileInfomation, bool>> expression = default;
foreach (var name in names)
{
if (names.IndexOf(name) == 0)
expression = s => s.Name.Contains(name);
else
{
Expression<Func<FileInfomation, bool>> expressionNew = s => s.Name.Contains(name);
expression = expression.MergeOr(expressionNew);
}
}
fileInfos = fileInfos.Where(expression.Compile()).ToList();
}