Android "Package manager has died"

感谢http://blog.csdn.net/xxooyc/article/details/50162523

开发中有时会碰到这种crash，不太好定位错误。

04-28 18:25:30.956 12107-12138/? E/JavaBinder: !!! FAILED BINDER TRANSACTION !!!
04-28 18:25:30.957 12107-12138/? E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-2163
                                                   Process: com.android.xiaokecong.packagemanagerdemo, PID: 12107
                                                   java.lang.RuntimeException: Package manager has died
                                                       at android.app.ApplicationPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(ApplicationPackageManager.java:521)
                                                       at android.app.ApplicationPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(ApplicationPackageManager.java:511)
                                                       at com.android.xiaokecong.packagemanagerdemo.MainActivity$2.run(MainActivity.java:60)
                                                    Caused by: android.os.TransactionTooLargeException
                                                       at android.os.BinderProxy.transactNative(Native Method)
                                                       at android.os.BinderProxy.transact(Binder.java:508)
                                                       at android.content.pm.IPackageManager$Stub$Proxy.getInstalledPackages(IPackageManager.java:2683)
                                                       at android.app.ApplicationPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(ApplicationPackageManager.java:518)
                                                       at android.app.ApplicationPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(ApplicationPackageManager.java:511) 
                                                       at com.android.xiaokecong.packagemanagerdemo.MainActivity$2.run(MainActivity.java:60) 

上面提到的博客中从Android源码中找到了这个异常的出处：
frameworks/base/core/Java/Android/app/ApplicationPackageManager.java:

102    @Override
103    public PackageInfo getPackageInfo(String packageName, int flags)
104            throws NameNotFoundException {
105        try {
106            PackageInfo pi = mPM.getPackageInfo(packageName, flags, mContext.getUserId());
107            if (pi != null) {
108                return pi;
109            }
110        } catch (RemoteException e) {
111            throw new RuntimeException("Package manager has died", e);
112        }
113
114        throw new NameNotFoundException(packageName);
115    }

这是Android中的Binder调用，catch的异常是RemoteException，由打印的crash信息可以看出是因为

Caused by: android.os.TransactionTooLargeException

先发生了TransactionTooLargeException，由字面意思可以看出是超出了某个内存限制。Android源码中：frameworks/base/core/jni/android_util_Binder.cpp：

682        case FAILED_TRANSACTION:
683            ALOGE("!!! FAILED BINDER TRANSACTION !!!");
684            // TransactionTooLargeException is a checked exception, only throw from certain methods.
685            // FIXME: Transaction too large is the most common reason for FAILED_TRANSACTION
686            //        but it is not the only one.  The Binder driver can return BR_FAILED_REPLY
687            //        for other reasons also, such as if the transaction is malformed or
688            //        refers to an FD that has been closed.  We should change the driver
689            //        to enable us to distinguish these cases in the future.
690            jniThrowException(env, canThrowRemoteException
691                    ? "android/os/TransactionTooLargeException"
692                            : "java/lang/RuntimeException", NULL);
693            break;

这就可以看出Binder的使用超出了一个进程的使用就会抛出这个异常，如果是其他原因就会抛出RuntimeException.

一个Binder的内存限制大小约为1M：
frameworks/native/libs/binder/ProcessState.cpp：

#define BINDER_VM_SIZE ((1*1024*1024) - (4096 *2)) 

也就是说一个进程使用的Binder内容大小超出1M就会抛出这个crash，如果此时正在使用getPackageInfo，就一定会抛出”Package manager has died”这个异常。

 /**
     * 100个线程进行Binder调用
     */
    private void test() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    List<PackageInfo> list = getPackageManager().getInstalledPackages(GET_ACTIVITIES);
                }
            }.start();
        }
    }

这里写一个例子，创建一个100个线程，都进行getInstalledPackages()的Binder操作，运行起来，crash的结果跟最上面的图一样。

猜想，如果多个线程同步执行这一操作，是不是能够避免呢？因为某个时间点只有一个线程操作getPackageInfo()，因为一个线程用完了就会释放资源，理论上可以的。

使用synchronized关键字将getPackageInfo()这样的Binder操作包裹起来即可，实验结果如逾期所想。HelloWorld!

完。