JAVA获取客户端IP

在jsp里，获取客户端的ip地址的方法是：request.getRemoteAddr()，这种方法在大部分情况下都是有效的。但是在通过了Apache,Squid等反向代理软件就不能获取到客户端的真实IP地址了。如果使用了反向代理软件，用request.getRemoteAddr()方法获取的IP地址是：127.0.0.1或192.168.1.110，而并不是客户端的真实ＩＰ。

　　经过代理以后，由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层，因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的 IP，服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中，增加了X－FORWARDED－FOR信息。用以跟踪原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。当我们访问index.jsp/时，其实并不是我们浏览器真正访问到了服务器上的index.jsp文件，而是先由代理服务器去访问index.jsp ，代理服务器再将访问到的结果返回给我们的浏览器，因为是代理服务器去访问index.jsp的，所以index.jsp中通过request.getRemoteAddr()的方法获取的IP实际上是代理服务器的地址，并不是客户端的IP地址。

　　于是可得出获得客户端真实IP地址的方法一：
public String getRemortIP(HttpServletRequest request) { 
    if (request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for") == null) { 
        return request.getRemoteAddr(); 
    } 
    return request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); 
}  

    获得客户端真实IP地址的方法二：
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) { 
    String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); 
    if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
        ip = request.getHeader("PRoxy-Client-IP"); 
    } 
    if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
        ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); 
    } 
    if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
        ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); 
    } 
    return ip; 
}  

　　可是，如果通过了多级反向代理的话，X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个，而是一串IP值，究竟哪个才是真正的用户端的真实IP呢？

　　答案是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串。如：
X-Forwarded-For：192.168.1.110, 192.168.1.120, 192.168.1.130, 192.168.1.100
用户真实IP为： 192.168.1.110

-

 

=========================================

 public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {   
  
  
  String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");       
  try {
   if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
    ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");       
   }          
   if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
             ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");   
        }      
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
           ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); 
        } 
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
           ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); 
        } 
     if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {  
     ip = request.getRemoteAddr();      
     }   
   if ("127.0.0.1".equals(ip)) { 
           InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); 
          
           InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
          
           ip=addr.getHostAddress().toString();//获得本机IP
          
    }
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return ip; 
 }    

 

 

==================

 

 /**
   * 通过IP地址获取MAC地址
   * @param ip String,127.0.0.1格式
   * @return mac String
   * @throws Exception
   */ 
  public String getMACAddress(String ip) throws Exception { 
      String line = ""; 
     String macAddress = ""; 
     final String MAC_ADDRESS_PREFIX = "MAC Address = "; 
       final String LOOPBACK_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1"; 
       //如果为127.0.0.1,则获取本地MAC地址。 
       if (LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(ip)) { 
           InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); 
           //貌似此方法需要JDK 6。 
           byte[] mac = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(inetAddress).getHardwareAddress(); 
           //下面代码是把mac地址拼装成String 
           StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
          for (int i = 0; i < mac.length; i++) { 
             if (i != 0) { 
                   sb.append("-"); 
               } 
               //mac[i] & 0xFF 是为了把byte转化为正整数 
               String s = Integer.toHexString(mac[i] & 0xFF); 
               sb.append(s.length() == 1 ? 0 + s : s); 
           } 
           //把字符串所有小写字母改为大写成为正规的mac地址并返回 
           macAddress = sb.toString().trim().toUpperCase(); 
         return macAddress; 
     } 
       //获取非本地IP的MAC地址 
       try { 
           Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("nbtstat -A " + ip); 
           InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()); 
           BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr); 
           while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { 
               if (line != null) { 
                   int index = line.indexOf(MAC_ADDRESS_PREFIX); 
                  if (index != -1) { 
                     macAddress = line.substring(index + MAC_ADDRESS_PREFIX.length()).trim().toUpperCase(); 
                   } 
               } 
           } 
           br.close(); 
       } catch (IOException e) { 
           e.printStackTrace(System.out); 
       } 
       return macAddress; 
 }