Spring事务演示案例

一、环境搭建

1）、数据库

新建users表

2)、创建maven项目 

pom需要引入的包：

<!-- 引入Spring-AOP等相关Jar -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
            <version>2.1_2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.37</version>
        </dependency>

配置文件内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
     	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--开启注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhq"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 1. 数据源对象: C3P0连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/study"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置jdbc数据源 -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置事物 dataSource -->
    <bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 开启事物注解 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager"/>
</beans>

dao层：

@Repository
public class UsersDao {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void addUser(String name,Integer age) {
        String sql="INSERT INTO users(name, age) VALUES(?, ?);";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, name,age);
        System.out.println("添加数据成功!.......");
    }
}

service层：

@Service
public class UsersService {

    @Autowired
    private UsersDao usersDao;

    public void add(){
        usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01",18);
        int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
        usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02",20);
        System.out.println("添加用户成功！");
    }
}

项目启动类app：

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("transaction.xml");
        UsersService usersService = (UsersService) applicationContext.getBean("usersService");
        usersService.add();
    }
}

 二、事务演示

想要的效果：“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”要么都成功要么都失败

1）、首次启动未添加事务时

只有“吴大宝01”添加成功了

2）、方式一：手工添加事务

自定义事务管理类

/**
 * @program: TransactionDemo
 * @description:
 * @author: hq.zheng
 * @create: 2019-08-04 13:02
 */
@Component
public class TransactionManager {
    @Autowired
    private DataSourceTransactionManager manager;

    /**
     * 开启事务
     */
    public TransactionStatus begin(){
        //获取事务状态
        TransactionStatus transaction = manager.getTransaction(new DefaultTransactionAttribute());
        return transaction;
    }

    /**
     * 提交事务
     * @param transaction
     */
    public void commit(TransactionStatus transaction){
        //提交到数据库
        manager.commit(transaction);
    }

    /**
     * 回滚事务
     * @param transaction
     */
    public void rollback(TransactionStatus transaction){
        manager.rollback(transaction);
    }
}

修改service类添加手工事务

@Service
public class UsersService {

    @Autowired
    private UsersDao usersDao;

    @Autowired
    private TransactionManager manager;

    public void add(){
        TransactionStatus begin=null;
        try {
            //开启事务
            begin = manager.begin();

            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01",18);
            int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
            usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02",20);
            System.out.println("添加用户成功！");

            //提交事务
            manager.commit(begin);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            //发生异常回滚事务
            manager.rollback(begin);
            System.out.println("发生异常回滚事务！");
        } finally {
        }
    }
}

运行结果

 添加事务成功了，发生异常时“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”添加都没有添加成功

去掉异常再测试

运行结果

  

“吴大宝01”和“吴大宝02”同时添加成功 

3）、方式二：自动添加事务（XML形式） 

配置文件中添加事务增强

   <!--配置事物增强-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="*" read-only="false" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- Aop配置： 拦截哪些方法(切入点表表达式) + 应用上面的事务增强配置 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhq.service.*.*(..))"
                      id="pt" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt" />
    </aop:config>

注意：如果手工try catch了将不执行回滚，有异常外抛才会执行，可以再catch里面加上手动回滚

TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

4）、方式三：自动添加事务（注解形式） 

开启注解事务

<!-- 开启事物注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager"/>

应用事务，在需要的方法上加@Transactional

    @Transactional
    public void add() {

        usersDao.addUser("吴大宝01", 18);
        int i=1/0;//故意制造异常
        usersDao.addUser("吴大宝02", 20);
        System.out.println("添加用户成功！");

    }