Centos7.2 kickstart批量装机

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-31 18:59:20 发布

xmm1981

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-31 18:59:20 发布

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版权声明：http://blog.csdn.net/robertkun

目录(?)[+]
KickStart无人值守安装的原理:

1. DHCP服务器给需要安装的机器分发IP, 并指定ftp服务器地址和pxelinux.0
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1. subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.0.200 192.168.0.220;
  option routers 192.168.0.1;
  option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
  next-server 192.168.0.1;
  #指定TFTP服务器的地址
  filename "pxelinux.0";
  #引导程序的文件
  }
2. 客户端连接到服务器,读取启动文件 /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

3. 根据default里面指定的ks.cfg文件的位置,打开KickStart配置文件,

4. 根据ks.cfg的ftp服务器的配置, 读取/var/ftp/pub/文件, 引导安装程序

1. 查看服务状态, 启动服务

1.1 查看三种服务的状态,是否为启动状态
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1. systemctl status vsftpd
2. systemctl statusxinetd
3. systemctl status dhcpd
1.2 如果没有默认启动,可以设置为默认启动.
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1. systemctl restart dhcpd
2. systemctl restart xinetd
3. systemctl restart vsftpd
1.3 dhcp服务配置
rpm -ql dhcp | more
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@centos6-64 pub]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
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1. ddns-update-style interim;
2. ignore client-updates;
3. allow booting;
4. allow bootp;
5. subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
6. option routers 192.168.0.1;
7. option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
8. option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;
9. option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
10. range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;
11. default-lease-time 21600;
12. max-lease-time 43200;
13. next-server 192.168.0.1;
14. filename "pxelinux.0";
15. }
1.4 tftp服务配置

yum install -y tftp
tftp服务是xinetd的子服务.

[root@centos6-64 ftp]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
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1. # default: off
2. # description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
3. # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
4. # workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
5. # and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
6. service tftp
7. {
8. socket_type = dgram
9. protocol = udp
10. wait = yes
11. user = root
12. server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
13. server_args = -s /tftpboot
14. disable = no #此处yes修改no 开户tftp服务
15. per_source = 11
16. cps = 100 2
17. flags = IPv4
18. }
2. 创建pxe启动所需要的文件和目录
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1. mkdir /tftpboot
2. mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
3. cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/
挂载安装光盘的镜像,并拷贝以下文件:
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1. cp /mnt/iso/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
2. cp /mnt/iso/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot/
3. cp /mnt/iso/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/
3. 修改/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default文件
vim /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@centos6-64 pxelinux.cfg]# cat default
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1. default linux
2. prompt 1
3. timeout 60
4. display boot.msg
5. label linux
6. kernel vmlinuz
7. append initrd=initrd.img text ks=ftp://192.168.0.1/ks.cfg #此处inst.stage2=XXX 可以不写
ks.cfg 是使用kickstart程序生成的文件.后面我们会使用KickStart生成它.
4. 使用kickstart程序生成ks.cfg安装配置文件
安装kickstart:
yum list *kic*
yum install system-config-kickstart.noarch
运行system-config-kickstart,进行图形化参数配置界面:

4.1.基本配置:

4.2 安装方法

4.3.创建新的分区:

4.4.网络配置:

4.5.剩下的项目是关于防火墙,selinux的,看个人需求选择.

最后保存配置文件:

5. 修改生成的ks.cfg文件

5.1 将%packages后面的全拷贝到ks.cfg中的%packages后面去
cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg #系统的安装信息
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1. %packages
2. @base
3. @chinese-support
4. @core
5. @debugging
6. @basic-desktop
7. @desktop-debugging
8. @desktop-platform
9. @directory-client
10. @fonts
11. @general-desktop
12. @graphical-admin-tools
13. @input-methods
14. @internet-applications
15. @internet-browser
16. @java-platform
17. @legacy-x
18. @network-file-system-client
19. @office-suite
20. @print-client
21. @remote-desktop-clients
22. @server-platform
23. @server-policy
24. @x11
25. mtools
26. pax
27. oddjob
28. wodim
29. sgpio
30. genisoimage
31. device-mapper-persistent-data
32. abrt-gui
33. samba-winbind
34. certmonger
35. pam_krb5
36. krb5-workstation
37. gnome-pilot
38. libXmu
5.2 添加key --skip //跳过输入序列号环节
<注意是两个"-">
[root@rhce ~]# cat ks.cfg
[root@centos6-64 tftpboot]# cat /var/ftp/ks.cfg
[root@centos6-64 ftp]# cat ks.cfg
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1. #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
2. #version=DEVEL
3. # Firewall configuration
4. firewall --disabled
5. # Install OS instead of upgrade
6. install
7. # Use network installation
8. #url --url=<a target="_blank" href="ftp://192.168.0.1/pub">ftp://192.168.0.1/pub</a> 此处例子是这样的
9. url --url=ftp://192.168.0.1/pub #我是这样的
10. # Root password
11. rootpw --iscrypted $1$YfhInJ/9$hqyxxL34AduJm0Zzfcl/F1
12. # System authorization information
13. auth --passalgo=sha512
14. # Use graphical install
15. graphical
16. firstboot --disable
17. # System keyboard
18. keyboard us
19. # System language
20. lang en_US
21. # SELinux configuration
22. selinux --disabled
23. # Installation logging level
24. logging --level=info
27. key --skip
30. # System timezone
31. timezone Asia/Shanghai
32. # Network information
33. network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
34. # System bootloader configuration
35. bootloader --location=mbr
36. # Clear the Master Boot Record
37. zerombr
38. # Partition clearing information
39. clearpart --all --initlabel
40. # Disk partitioning information
41. part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200
42. part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
43. part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1
46. %packages
47. @base
48. @chinese-support
49. @core
50. @debugging
51. @basic-desktop
52. @desktop-debugging
53. @desktop-platform
54. @directory-client
55. @fonts
56. @general-desktop
57. @graphical-admin-tools
58. @input-methods
59. @internet-applications
60. @internet-browser
61. @java-platform
62. @legacy-x
63. @network-file-system-client
64. @office-suite
65. @print-client
66. @remote-desktop-clients
67. @server-platform
68. @server-policy
69. @x11
70. mtools
71. pax
72. oddjob
73. wodim
74. sgpio
75. genisoimage
76. device-mapper-persistent-data
77. abrt-gui
78. samba-winbind
79. certmonger
80. pam_krb5
81. krb5-workstation
82. gnome-pilot
83. libXmu
86. %end
5.3 将配置文件拷贝到ftp目录下
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1. cp ks.cfg /var/ftp/
6. 将系统相关文件拷贝到配置ks.cfg时,指定的ftp目录下
挂载系统镜文件到/vat/ftp/pub/下
[root@centos6-64 ~]# ls -l /var/ftp/
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1. total 8
2. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1419 Nov 20 17:58 ks.cfg
3. dr-xr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Mar 6 2013 pub
[root@centos6-64 ~]# ls -l /var/ftp/pub/
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1. total 676
2. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 14 Mar 6 2013 CentOS_BuildTag
3. dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Mar 5 2013 EFI
4. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 212 Mar 3 2013 EULA
5. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 18009 Mar 3 2013 GPL
6. dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Mar 5 2013 images
7. dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Mar 5 2013 isolinux
8. dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 649216 Mar 6 2013 Packages
9. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1354 Mar 3 2013 RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html
10. dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 6 2013 repodata
11. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1706 Mar 3 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
12. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1730 Mar 3 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6
13. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1730 Mar 3 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6
14. -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1734 Mar 3 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6
15. -r--r--r-- 1 root root 3380 Mar 6 2013 TRANS.TBL
到此配置结束, 启动需要安装系统的机器. 修改BIOS以网卡方式启动.
如果DHCP配置有问题,或PXE找不到安装文件的问题,
请查看/var/log/message 或仔细核对目录是否一致.

#注意如果KickStarts配置在虚拟机中,
虚拟机的网卡要设置为桥接(Bridged)模式.
转自：http://blog.csdn.net/robertkun/article/details/16851109

xmm1981

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Centos7.2 kickstart批量装机

版权声明：http://blog.csdn.net/robertkun目录(?)[+]KickStart无人值守安装的原理:1. DHCP服务器给需要安装的机器分发IP, 并指定ftp服务器地址和pxelinux.0[html] view plain copynext-server 192.168.2.18
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