go实现命令行的工具cli

A simple, fast, and fun package for building command line apps in Go
详见:https://github.com/urfave/cli
 

cli

 /

Notice: This is the library formerly known asgithub.com/codegangsta/cli -- Github will automatically redirect requeststo this repository, but we recommend updating your references for clarity.

cli is a simple, fast, and fun package for building command line apps in Go. Thegoal is to enable developers to write fast and distributable command lineapplications in an expressive way.

Overview

Command line apps are usually so tiny that there is absolutely no reason whyyour code shouldnot be self-documenting. Things like generating help text andparsing command flags/options should not hinder productivity when writing acommand line app.

This is where cli comes into play. cli makes command line programming fun,organized, and expressive!

Installation

Make sure you have a working Go environment. Go version 1.2+ is supported. Seethe install instructions for Go.

To install cli, simply run:

$ go get github.com/urfave/cli

Make sure your PATH includes the $GOPATH/bin directory so your commands canbe easily used:

export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin

Supported platforms

cli is tested against multiple versions of Go on Linux, and against the latestreleased version of Go on OS X and Windows. For full details, see./.travis.yml and ./appveyor.yml.

Using thev2 branch

Warning: The v2 branch is currently unreleased and considered unstable.

There is currently a long-lived branch named v2 that is intended to land asthe newmaster branch once development there has settled down. The currentmaster branch (mirrored asv1) is being manually merged into v2 onan irregular human-based schedule, but generally if one wants to "upgrade" tov2now and accept the volatility (read: "awesomeness") that comes along withthat, please use whatever version pinning of your preference, such as viagopkg.in:

$ go get gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v2
...
import (
  "gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v2" // imports as package "cli"
)
...

Pinning to thev1 releases

Similarly to the section above describing use of the v2 branch, if one wantsto avoid any unexpected compatibility pains oncev2 becomesmaster, thenpinning to v1 is an acceptable option, e.g.:

$ go get gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1
...
import (
  "gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1" // imports as package "cli"
)
...

This will pull the latest tagged v1 release (e.g. v1.18.1 at the time of writing).

Getting Started

One of the philosophies behind cli is that an API should be playful and full ofdiscovery. So a cli app can be as little as one line of code inmain().

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  cli.NewApp().Run(os.Args)
}

This app will run and show help text, but is not very useful. Let's give anaction to execute and some help documentation:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Name = "boom"
  app.Usage = "make an explosive entrance"
  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Println("boom! I say!")
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Running this already gives you a ton of functionality, plus support for thingslike subcommands and flags, which are covered below.

Examples

Being a programmer can be a lonely job. Thankfully by the power of automationthat is not the case! Let's create a greeter app to fend off our demons ofloneliness!

Start by creating a directory named greet, and within it, add a file,greet.go with the following code in it:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Name = "greet"
  app.Usage = "fight the loneliness!"
  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Println("Hello friend!")
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Install our command to the $GOPATH/bin directory:

$ go install

Finally run our new command:

 
  1. $ greet

  2. Hello friend!

cli also generates neat help text:

 
  1. $ greet help

  2. NAME:

  3. greet - fight the loneliness!

  4. USAGE:

  5. greet [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]

  6. VERSION:

  7. 0.0.0

  8. COMMANDS:

  9. help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command

  10. GLOBAL OPTIONS

  11. --version Shows version information

Arguments

You can lookup arguments by calling the Args function on cli.Context, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Printf("Hello %q", c.Args().Get(0))
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Flags

Setting and querying flags is simple.

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "lang",
      Value: "english",
      Usage: "language for the greeting",
    },
  }

  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    name := "Nefertiti"
    if c.NArg() > 0 {
      name = c.Args().Get(0)
    }
    if c.String("lang") == "spanish" {
      fmt.Println("Hola", name)
    } else {
      fmt.Println("Hello", name)
    }
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

You can also set a destination variable for a flag, to which the content will bescanned.

package main

import (
  "os"
  "fmt"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  var language string

  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name:        "lang",
      Value:       "english",
      Usage:       "language for the greeting",
      Destination: &language,
    },
  }

  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    name := "someone"
    if c.NArg() > 0 {
      name = c.Args()[0]
    }
    if language == "spanish" {
      fmt.Println("Hola", name)
    } else {
      fmt.Println("Hello", name)
    }
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

See full list of flags at cli package - github.com/urfave/cli - Go Packages

Placeholder Values

Sometimes it's useful to specify a flag's value within the usage string itself.Such placeholders are indicated with back quotes.

For example this:

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name:  "config, c",
      Usage: "Load configuration from `FILE`",
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Will result in help output like:

--config FILE, -c FILE   Load configuration from FILE

Note that only the first placeholder is used. Subsequent back-quoted words willbe left as-is.

Alternate Names

You can set alternate (or short) names for flags by providing a comma-delimitedlist for theName. e.g.

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "lang, l",
      Value: "english",
      Usage: "language for the greeting",
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

That flag can then be set with --lang spanish or -l spanish. Note thatgiving two different forms of the same flag in the same command invocation is anerror.

Ordering

Flags for the application and commands are shown in the order they are defined.However, it's possible to sort them from outside this library by usingFlagsByNameorCommandsByName with sort.

For example this:

package main

import (
  "os"
  "sort"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "lang, l",
      Value: "english",
      Usage: "Language for the greeting",
    },
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "config, c",
      Usage: "Load configuration from `FILE`",
    },
  }

  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    {
      Name:    "complete",
      Aliases: []string{"c"},
      Usage:   "complete a task on the list",
      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
        return nil
      },
    },
    {
      Name:    "add",
      Aliases: []string{"a"},
      Usage:   "add a task to the list",
      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
        return nil
      },
    },
  }

  sort.Sort(cli.FlagsByName(app.Flags))
  sort.Sort(cli.CommandsByName(app.Commands))

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Will result in help output like:

 
  1. --config FILE, -c FILE Load configuration from FILE

  2. --lang value, -l value Language for the greeting (default: "english")

Values from the Environment

You can also have the default value set from the environment via EnvVar. e.g.

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "lang, l",
      Value: "english",
      Usage: "language for the greeting",
      EnvVar: "APP_LANG",
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

The EnvVar may also be given as a comma-delimited "cascade", where the firstenvironment variable that resolves is used as the default.

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Flags = []cli.Flag {
    cli.StringFlag{
      Name: "lang, l",
      Value: "english",
      Usage: "language for the greeting",
      EnvVar: "LEGACY_COMPAT_LANG,APP_LANG,LANG",
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Values from alternate input sources (YAML, TOML, and others)

There is a separate package altsrc that adds support for getting flag valuesfrom other file input sources.

Currently supported input source formats:

  • YAML
  • TOML

In order to get values for a flag from an alternate input source the followingcode would be added to wrap an existing cli.Flag like below:

  altsrc.NewIntFlag(cli.IntFlag{Name: "test"})

Initialization must also occur for these flags. Below is an example initializinggetting data from a yaml file below.

  command.Before = altsrc.InitInputSourceWithContext(command.Flags, NewYamlSourceFromFlagFunc("load"))

The code above will use the "load" string as a flag name to get the file name ofa yaml file from the cli.Context. It will then use that file name to initializethe yaml input source for any flags that are defined on that command. As a notethe "load" flag used would also have to be defined on the command flags in orderfor this code snipped to work.

Currently only the aboved specified formats are supported but developers canadd support for other input sources by implementing thealtsrc.InputSourceContext for their given sources.

Here is a more complete sample of a command using YAML support:

package notmain

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
  "github.com/urfave/cli/altsrc"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  flags := []cli.Flag{
    altsrc.NewIntFlag(cli.IntFlag{Name: "test"}),
    cli.StringFlag{Name: "load"},
  }

  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Println("yaml ist rad")
    return nil
  }

  app.Before = altsrc.InitInputSourceWithContext(flags, altsrc.NewYamlSourceFromFlagFunc("load"))
  app.Flags = flags

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Subcommands

Subcommands can be defined for a more git-like command line app.

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    {
      Name:    "add",
      Aliases: []string{"a"},
      Usage:   "add a task to the list",
      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Println("added task: ", c.Args().First())
        return nil
      },
    },
    {
      Name:    "complete",
      Aliases: []string{"c"},
      Usage:   "complete a task on the list",
      Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Println("completed task: ", c.Args().First())
        return nil
      },
    },
    {
      Name:        "template",
      Aliases:     []string{"t"},
      Usage:       "options for task templates",
      Subcommands: []cli.Command{
        {
          Name:  "add",
          Usage: "add a new template",
          Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
            fmt.Println("new task template: ", c.Args().First())
            return nil
          },
        },
        {
          Name:  "remove",
          Usage: "remove an existing template",
          Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
            fmt.Println("removed task template: ", c.Args().First())
            return nil
          },
        },
      },
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Subcommands categories

For additional organization in apps that have many subcommands, you canassociate a category for each command to group them together in the helpoutput.

E.g.

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()

  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    {
      Name: "noop",
    },
    {
      Name:     "add",
      Category: "template",
    },
    {
      Name:     "remove",
      Category: "template",
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Will include:

 
  1. COMMANDS:

  2. noop

  3. Template actions:

  4. add

  5. remove

Exit code

Calling App.Run will not automatically call os.Exit, which means that bydefault the exit code will "fall through" to being0. An explicit exit codemay be set by returning a non-nil error that fulfillscli.ExitCoder,or acli.MultiError that includes an error that fulfillscli.ExitCoder, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
    cli.BoolTFlag{
      Name:  "ginger-crouton",
      Usage: "is it in the soup?",
    },
  }
  app.Action = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
    if !ctx.Bool("ginger-crouton") {
      return cli.NewExitError("it is not in the soup", 86)
    }
    return nil
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Bash Completion

You can enable completion commands by setting the EnableBashCompletionflag on theApp object. By default, this setting will only auto-complete toshow an app's subcommands, but you can write your own completion methods forthe App or its subcommands.

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  tasks := []string{"cook", "clean", "laundry", "eat", "sleep", "code"}

  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.EnableBashCompletion = true
  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    {
      Name:  "complete",
      Aliases: []string{"c"},
      Usage: "complete a task on the list",
      Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
         fmt.Println("completed task: ", c.Args().First())
         return nil
      },
      BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
        // This will complete if no args are passed
        if c.NArg() > 0 {
          return
        }
        for _, t := range tasks {
          fmt.Println(t)
        }
      },
    },
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Enabling

Source the autocomplete/bash_autocomplete file in your .bashrc file whilesetting thePROG variable to the name of your program:

PROG=myprogram source /.../cli/autocomplete/bash_autocomplete

Distribution

Copy autocomplete/bash_autocomplete into /etc/bash_completion.d/ and renameit to the name of the program you wish to add autocomplete support for (orautomatically install it there if you are distributing a package). Don't forgetto source the file to make it active in the current shell.

 
  1. sudo cp src/bash_autocomplete /etc/bash_completion.d/<myprogram>

  2. source /etc/bash_completion.d/<myprogram>

Alternatively, you can just document that users should source the genericautocomplete/bash_autocomplete in their bash configuration with$PROG setto the name of their program (as above).

Customization

The default bash completion flag (--generate-bash-completion) is defined ascli.BashCompletionFlag, and may be redefined if desired, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  cli.BashCompletionFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
    Name:   "compgen",
    Hidden: true,
  }

  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.EnableBashCompletion = true
  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    {
      Name: "wat",
    },
  }
  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Generated Help Text

The default help flag (-h/--help) is defined as cli.HelpFlag and is checkedby the cli internals in order to print generated help text for the app, command,or subcommand, and break execution.

Customization

All of the help text generation may be customized, and at multiple levels. Thetemplates are exposed as variablesAppHelpTemplate,CommandHelpTemplate, andSubcommandHelpTemplate which may be reassigned or augmented, and full overrideis possible by assigning a compatible func to thecli.HelpPrinter variable,e.g.:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "io"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  // EXAMPLE: Append to an existing template
  cli.AppHelpTemplate = fmt.Sprintf(`%s

WEBSITE: http://awesometown.example.com

SUPPORT: support@awesometown.example.com

`, cli.AppHelpTemplate)

  // EXAMPLE: Override a template
  cli.AppHelpTemplate = `NAME:
   {{.Name}} - {{.Usage}}
USAGE:
   {{.HelpName}} {{if .VisibleFlags}}[global options]{{end}}{{if .Commands}} command [command options]{{end}} {{if .ArgsUsage}}{{.ArgsUsage}}{{else}}[arguments...]{{end}}
   {{if len .Authors}}
AUTHOR:
   {{range .Authors}}{{ . }}{{end}}
   {{end}}{{if .Commands}}
COMMANDS:
{{range .Commands}}{{if not .HideHelp}}   {{join .Names ", "}}{{ "\t"}}{{.Usage}}{{ "\n" }}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .VisibleFlags}}
GLOBAL OPTIONS:
   {{range .VisibleFlags}}{{.}}
   {{end}}{{end}}{{if .Copyright }}
COPYRIGHT:
   {{.Copyright}}
   {{end}}{{if .Version}}
VERSION:
   {{.Version}}
   {{end}}
`

  // EXAMPLE: Replace the `HelpPrinter` func
  cli.HelpPrinter = func(w io.Writer, templ string, data interface{}) {
    fmt.Println("Ha HA.  I pwnd the help!!1")
  }

  cli.NewApp().Run(os.Args)
}

The default flag may be customized to something other than -h/--help bysettingcli.HelpFlag, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  cli.HelpFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
    Name: "halp, haaaaalp",
    Usage: "HALP",
    EnvVar: "SHOW_HALP,HALPPLZ",
  }

  cli.NewApp().Run(os.Args)
}

Version Flag

The default version flag (-v/--version) is defined as cli.VersionFlag, whichis checked by the cli internals in order to print theApp.Version viacli.VersionPrinter and break execution.

Customization

The default flag may be customized to something other than -v/--version bysettingcli.VersionFlag, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func main() {
  cli.VersionFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
    Name: "print-version, V",
    Usage: "print only the version",
  }

  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Name = "partay"
  app.Version = "19.99.0"
  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Alternatively, the version printer at cli.VersionPrinter may be overridden, e.g.:

package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "os"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

var (
  Revision = "fafafaf"
)

func main() {
  cli.VersionPrinter = func(c *cli.Context) {
    fmt.Printf("version=%s revision=%s\n", c.App.Version, Revision)
  }

  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Name = "partay"
  app.Version = "19.99.0"
  app.Run(os.Args)
}

Full API Example

Notice: This is a contrived (functioning) example meant strictly for APIdemonstration purposes. Use of one's imagination is encouraged.

package main

import (
  "errors"
  "flag"
  "fmt"
  "io"
  "io/ioutil"
  "os"
  "time"

  "github.com/urfave/cli"
)

func init() {
  cli.AppHelpTemplate += "\nCUSTOMIZED: you bet ur muffins\n"
  cli.CommandHelpTemplate += "\nYMMV\n"
  cli.SubcommandHelpTemplate += "\nor something\n"

  cli.HelpFlag = cli.BoolFlag{Name: "halp"}
  cli.BashCompletionFlag = cli.BoolFlag{Name: "compgen", Hidden: true}
  cli.VersionFlag = cli.BoolFlag{Name: "print-version, V"}

  cli.HelpPrinter = func(w io.Writer, templ string, data interface{}) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "best of luck to you\n")
  }
  cli.VersionPrinter = func(c *cli.Context) {
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "version=%s\n", c.App.Version)
  }
  cli.OsExiter = func(c int) {
    fmt.Fprintf(cli.ErrWriter, "refusing to exit %d\n", c)
  }
  cli.ErrWriter = ioutil.Discard
  cli.FlagStringer = func(fl cli.Flag) string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("\t\t%s", fl.GetName())
  }
}

type hexWriter struct{}

func (w *hexWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
  for _, b := range p {
    fmt.Printf("%x", b)
  }
  fmt.Printf("\n")

  return len(p), nil
}

type genericType struct{
  s string
}

func (g *genericType) Set(value string) error {
  g.s = value
  return nil
}

func (g *genericType) String() string {
  return g.s
}

func main() {
  app := cli.NewApp()
  app.Name = "kənˈtrīv"
  app.Version = "19.99.0"
  app.Compiled = time.Now()
  app.Authors = []cli.Author{
    cli.Author{
      Name:  "Example Human",
      Email: "human@example.com",
    },
  }
  app.Copyright = "(c) 1999 Serious Enterprise"
  app.HelpName = "contrive"
  app.Usage = "demonstrate available API"
  app.UsageText = "contrive - demonstrating the available API"
  app.ArgsUsage = "[args and such]"
  app.Commands = []cli.Command{
    cli.Command{
      Name:        "doo",
      Aliases:     []string{"do"},
      Category:    "motion",
      Usage:       "do the doo",
      UsageText:   "doo - does the dooing",
      Description: "no really, there is a lot of dooing to be done",
      ArgsUsage:   "[arrgh]",
      Flags: []cli.Flag{
        cli.BoolFlag{Name: "forever, forevvarr"},
      },
      Subcommands: cli.Commands{
        cli.Command{
          Name:   "wop",
          Action: wopAction,
        },
      },
      SkipFlagParsing: false,
      HideHelp:        false,
      Hidden:          false,
      HelpName:        "doo!",
      BashComplete: func(c *cli.Context) {
        fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "--better\n")
      },
      Before: func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "brace for impact\n")
        return nil
      },
      After: func(c *cli.Context) error {
        fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "did we lose anyone?\n")
        return nil
      },
      Action: func(c *cli.Context) error {
        c.Command.FullName()
        c.Command.HasName("wop")
        c.Command.Names()
        c.Command.VisibleFlags()
        fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "dodododododoodododddooooododododooo\n")
        if c.Bool("forever") {
          c.Command.Run(c)
        }
        return nil
      },
      OnUsageError: func(c *cli.Context, err error, isSubcommand bool) error {
        fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "for shame\n")
        return err
      },
    },
  }
  app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
    cli.BoolFlag{Name: "fancy"},
    cli.BoolTFlag{Name: "fancier"},
    cli.DurationFlag{Name: "howlong, H", Value: time.Second * 3},
    cli.Float64Flag{Name: "howmuch"},
    cli.GenericFlag{Name: "wat", Value: &genericType{}},
    cli.Int64Flag{Name: "longdistance"},
    cli.Int64SliceFlag{Name: "intervals"},
    cli.IntFlag{Name: "distance"},
    cli.IntSliceFlag{Name: "times"},
    cli.StringFlag{Name: "dance-move, d"},
    cli.StringSliceFlag{Name: "names, N"},
    cli.UintFlag{Name: "age"},
    cli.Uint64Flag{Name: "bigage"},
  }
  app.EnableBashCompletion = true
  app.HideHelp = false
  app.HideVersion = false
  app.BashComplete = func(c *cli.Context) {
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "lipstick\nkiss\nme\nlipstick\nringo\n")
  }
  app.Before = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "HEEEERE GOES\n")
    return nil
  }
  app.After = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "Phew!\n")
    return nil
  }
  app.CommandNotFound = func(c *cli.Context, command string) {
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "Thar be no %q here.\n", command)
  }
  app.OnUsageError = func(c *cli.Context, err error, isSubcommand bool) error {
    if isSubcommand {
      return err
    }

    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "WRONG: %#v\n", err)
    return nil
  }
  app.Action = func(c *cli.Context) error {
    cli.DefaultAppComplete(c)
    cli.HandleExitCoder(errors.New("not an exit coder, though"))
    cli.ShowAppHelp(c)
    cli.ShowCommandCompletions(c, "nope")
    cli.ShowCommandHelp(c, "also-nope")
    cli.ShowCompletions(c)
    cli.ShowSubcommandHelp(c)
    cli.ShowVersion(c)

    categories := c.App.Categories()
    categories.AddCommand("sounds", cli.Command{
      Name: "bloop",
    })

    for _, category := range c.App.Categories() {
      fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "%s\n", category.Name)
      fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "%#v\n", category.Commands)
      fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "%#v\n", category.VisibleCommands())
    }

    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.App.Command("doo"))
    if c.Bool("infinite") {
      c.App.Run([]string{"app", "doo", "wop"})
    }

    if c.Bool("forevar") {
      c.App.RunAsSubcommand(c)
    }
    c.App.Setup()
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.App.VisibleCategories())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.App.VisibleCommands())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.App.VisibleFlags())

    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.Args().First())
    if len(c.Args()) > 0 {
      fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.Args()[1])
    }
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.Args().Present())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", c.Args().Tail())

    set := flag.NewFlagSet("contrive", 0)
    nc := cli.NewContext(c.App, set, c)

    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Args())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Bool("nope"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.BoolT("nerp"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Duration("howlong"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Float64("hay"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Generic("bloop"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Int64("bonk"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Int64Slice("burnks"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Int("bips"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.IntSlice("blups"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.String("snurt"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.StringSlice("snurkles"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Uint("flub"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Uint64("florb"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalBool("global-nope"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalBoolT("global-nerp"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalDuration("global-howlong"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalFloat64("global-hay"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalGeneric("global-bloop"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalInt("global-bips"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalIntSlice("global-blups"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalString("global-snurt"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalStringSlice("global-snurkles"))

    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.FlagNames())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalFlagNames())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalIsSet("wat"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.GlobalSet("wat", "nope"))
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.NArg())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.NumFlags())
    fmt.Printf("%#v\n", nc.Parent())

    nc.Set("wat", "also-nope")

    ec := cli.NewExitError("ohwell", 86)
    fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, "%d", ec.ExitCode())
    fmt.Printf("made it!\n")
    return ec
  }

  if os.Getenv("HEXY") != "" {
    app.Writer = &hexWriter{}
    app.ErrWriter = &hexWriter{}
  }

  app.Metadata = map[string]interface{}{
    "layers":     "many",
    "explicable": false,
    "whatever-values": 19.99,
  }

  app.Run(os.Args)
}

func wopAction(c *cli.Context) error {
  fmt.Fprintf(c.App.Writer, ":wave: over here, eh\n")
  return nil
}

Contribution Guidelines

Feel free to put up a pull request to fix a bug or maybe add a feature. I willgive it a code review and make sure that it does not break backwardscompatibility. If I or any other collaborators agree that it is in line withthe vision of the project, we will work with you to get the code intoa mergeable state and merge it into the master branch.

If you have contributed something significant to the project, we will mostlikely add you as a collaborator. As a collaborator you are given the abilityto merge others pull requests. It is very important that new code does notbreak existing code, so be careful about what code you do choose to merge.

If you feel like you have contributed to the project but have not yet beenadded as a collaborator, we probably forgot to add you, please open an issue.

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### 回答1: Nexus-cli是一个用于从Nexus存储库下载和管理项目依赖项的命令工具。使用nexus-cli,用户可以通过简单的命令操作轻松地下载和管理他们的项目依赖项。 为了开始使用nexus-cli,首先需要在本地计算机上安装它。可以通过从Nexus Repository Manager的官方网站上下载可执文件来进安装。一旦安装完成,用户就可以在命令中使用nexus-cli命令来操作。 下载依赖项非常简单。用户只需使用`nexus-cli get`命令,后跟依赖项的坐标(例如组织ID、项目ID和版本号),即可从Nexus存储库中下载所需的依赖项。nexus-cli会根据依赖项的坐标自动检索并下载相应的文件。 此外,nexus-cli还支持其他一些常见的操作,例如列出存储库中的依赖项、上传文件到存储库、删除存储库中的文件等。用户可以使用`nexus-cli help`命令来查看更多可用的操作和相关命令。 总的来说,nexus-cli是一个强大而方便的工具,可以帮助用户轻松地从Nexus存储库中下载和管理他们的项目依赖项。它提供了一种简单的方式来处理项目依赖项,从而提高项目开发的效率和速度。 ### 回答2: Nexus-cli是基于Go语言的一个用于从Nexus Repository Manager(Nexus仓库管理器)中下载和管理存储库的命令工具。 Nexus Repository Manager是一个开源的仓库管理器,用于存储和分发各种二进制组件,如JAR、WAR、Docker镜像等。它提供了一个集中式的管理平台,让用户可以方便地存储、访问和共享组件。 而nexus-cli提供了一个简单易用的命令界面,让用户可以通过命令Nexus的存储库管理操作,如下载存储库中的组件、查看和编辑存储库中的元数据、上传组件等。 要使用nexus-cli下载,首先需要在系统中下载并安装Go语言的环境。然后,可以使用命令工具或终端窗口打开,并执以下步骤: 1. 打开终端窗口或命令工具。 2. 使用命令工具进入nexus-cli工具的目录。 3. 执命令"nexus-cli download <组件名称>",其中<组件名称>是要下载的组件在Nexus存储库中的名称。 4. 等待下载完成。 5. 下载完成后,可以在指定的目录中找到下载的组件。 需要注意的是,要使用nexus-cli下载,需要先配置nexus-cli的相关信息,如Nexus存储库的URL、用户名和密码等。可以通过编辑nexus-cli的配置文件或在命令中使用相关参数来进配置。 总之,nexus-cli是一个帮助用户从Nexus Repository Manager中下载和管理存储库的便捷工具,通过执简单的命令即可完成下载操作。 ### 回答3: Nexus-cli是一个用于从Nexus Repository Manager(Nexus存储库管理器)下载构建工件的命令工具。它是Sonatype公司开发的一个开源项目,旨在提供一个快速、便捷又可靠的方式来访问和获取Nexus存储库中的构建工件。 使用nexus-cli,您可以通过简单的命令操作下载所需的构建工件。首先,您需要安装nexus-cli并将其配置与您的Nexus Repository Manager实例进连接。然后,您可以使用命令工具指定目标构建工件的关键信息,如工件的组织、名称、版本等。nexus-cli将使用这些信息来查询并下载您所需的构建工件。 通过使用nexus-cli,您可以轻松地将构建工件下载到本地,以便进进一步的开发、测试或部署。与手动下载相比,nexus-cli提供了更高效、自动化的下载过程,同时还具有良好的错误处理和可扩展性。 总而言之,nexus-cli是一个方便实用的命令工具,可帮助开发者从Nexus存储库中快速、可靠地下载构建工件,提高开发和部署的效率。

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