Elasticsearch与MongoDB 数据同步及分布式集群搭建 （一）

Elasticsearch通过River可以与多种数据源Wikipedia, MongoDB, CouchDB, RabbitMQ, RSS, Sofa, JDBC, FileSystem,Dropbox等同步，公司的业务是用 MongoDB，今天测试环境虚拟机上配置了一下Elasticsearch 与 MongoDB的同步，作个大概的过程记录，主要利用richardwilly98 / elasticsearch-river-mongodb。

River通过读取mongodb的oplog来同步数据，oplog这个表来使集群中的不同机器数据同步的，可以保证es里面的数据和mongodb里面的是一样的，所以Mongdb必须是个集群才能拥有oplog.注意：该插件只支持集群环境下的mongodb，因为集群环境下的mongodb才有oplog这个

Elasticsearch 和 MongoDB需要安装对应的版本才能实现同步，我这里用了最新的Elasticsearch 1.4.2 和 MongoDB 3.0.0,相应的版本要求参考下表

elasticsearch-mongodb

 

MongDB是一个副本集的集群，具体副本集集群的搭建不详细写了，Elasticsearch的安装配置也省略。

1.安装elasticsearch-river-mongodb

1	# ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -install elasticsearch/elasticsearch-mapper-attachments/2.4.1

2

3	# ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -i com.github.richardwilly98.elasticsearch/elasticsearch-river-mongodb/2.0.5

 

2.建立river

01	curl -XPUT "http://10.253.1.70:9200/_river/threads_mongo_river/_meta"</span> -d'

02

03

{

04	"type": "mongodb",

05	"mongodb": {

06	"servers":

07

[

08	{ "host": "10.253.1.71", "port": 27017}

09

],

10	"db": "threads",

11	"collection": "threads",

12	"gridfs": false

13

},

14	"index": {

15	"name": "test",

16	"type": "threads"

17

}

18

}'

这里只是简单的配置了建立连接的MongoDB以及相应的db,collection对于的elasticsearch index和type，还有详细的配置没有使用到，比如options等，具体根据业务可以配置，下面是一份详细的配置样例:

01	$ curl -XPUT "localhost:9200/_river/${es.river.name}/_meta" -d '

02

{

03	"type": "mongodb",

04	"mongodb": {

05	"servers":

06

[

07	{ "host": ${mongo.instance1.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance1.port} },

08	{ "host": ${mongo.instance2.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance2.port} }

09

],

10	"options": {

11	"secondary_read_preference" : true,

12	"drop_collection": ${mongo.drop.collection},

13	"exclude_fields": ${mongo.exclude.fields},

14	"include_fields": ${mongo.include.fields},

15	"include_collection": ${mongo.include.collection},

16	"import_all_collections": ${mongo.import.all.collections},

17	"initial_timestamp": {

18	"script_type": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script.type},

19	"script": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script}

20

},

21	"skip_initial_import" : ${mongo.skip.initial.import},

22	"store_statistics" : ${mongo.store.statistics},

23

},

24	"credentials":

25

[

26	{ "db": "local", "user": ${mongo.local.user}, "password": ${mongo.local.password} },

27	{ "db": "admin", "user": ${mongo.db.user}, "password": ${mongo.db.password} }

28

],

29	"db": ${mongo.db.name},

30	"collection": ${mongo.collection.name},

31	"gridfs": ${mongo.is.gridfs.collection},

32	"filter": ${mongo.filter}

33

},

34	"index": {

35	"name": ${es.index.name},

36	"throttle_size": ${es.throttle.size},

37	"bulk_size": ${es.bulk.size},

38	"type": ${es.type.name}

39

"bulk": {

40	"actions": ${es.bulk.actions},

41	"size": ${es.bulk.size},

42	"concurrent_requests": ${es.bulk.concurrent.requests},

43	"flush_interval": ${es.bulk.flush.interval}

44

}

45

}

46

}'

一些配置项的解释如下,具体可以查看github的wiki:

• db为同步的数据库名，
• host mongodb的ip地址（默认为localhost）
• port mongodb的端口
• collection 要同步的表名
• fields 要同步的字段名（用逗号隔开，默认全部）
• gridfs 是否是gridfs文件（如果collection是gridfs的话就设置成true）
• local_db_user local数据库的用户名（没有的话不用写）
• local_db_password local数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
• db_user 要同步的数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
• db_password 要同步的数据库的密码（没有的话不用写）
• name 索引名（不能之前存在）
• type 类型
• bulk_size 批量添加的最大数
• bulk_timeout 批量添加的超时时间

3.测试是否成功
我测试的库中数据较少，所以就直接都查出来看看是否能查出来吧

查看源代码

打印 帮助

01	$ curl -XGET "http://10.253.1.70:9200/test/threads/_search" -d '

02

03

{

04	"took": 20,

05	"timed_out": false,

06	"_shards": {

07	"total": 5,

08	"successful": 5,

09	"failed": 0

10

},

11

"hits": {

12	"total": 4,

13	"max_score": 1,

14

"hits": [

15

{

16	"_index": "test",

17	"_type": "threads",

18	"_id": "54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",

19	"_score": 1,

20	"_source": {

21	"_id": "54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",

22	"title": "where is my car",

23	"content": "ask yourself"

24

}

25

},

26

{

27	"_index": "test",

28	"_type": "threads",

29	"_id": "54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",

30	"_score": 1,

31	"_source": {

32	"_id": "54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",

33	"title": "this is title",

34	"content": "what is the fuck"

35

}

36

},

37

{

38	"_index": "test",

39	"_type": "threads",

40	"_id": "54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",

41	"_score": 1,

42	"_source": {

43	"_id": "54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",

44	"title": "are you ok",

45	"content": "yes,i am ok"

46

}

47

},

48

{

49	"_index": "test",

50	"_type": "threads",

51	"_id": "54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",

52	"_score": 1,

53	"_source": {

54	"_id": "54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",

55	"title": "hello word",

56	"content": "hello hello haha"

57

}

58

}

59

]

60

}

61

}

看来数据已经同步过来了，然后在MongoDB 添加一条记录，执行同样的操作查找对于的记录或者 total已经+1那么同步完成了。