Android事件分发总结

Android的事件分发主要涉及以下几个方面

Activity: dispatchTouchEvent, onTouchEvent

ViewGroup: dispatchTouchEvent, onInterceptTouchEvent, onTouchEvent

View: dispatchTouchEvent, onTouchEvent

一、Activity的事件分发：

dispatchTouchEvent的源码如下：

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();
        }
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }

onUserInteraction是一个空方法，我们可以重写该方法来获取key、touch、trackball等的触发

getWindow()返回一个Window，这里是PhoneWindow。PhoneWindow中最终调用DecorView的super.dispatchTouchEvent方法。

DecorView是PhoneWindow的一个内部类，它继承自FrameLayout，是每个Activity的根视图，默认的dispatchTouchEvent是ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent。

如果DecorView的dispatchTouchEvent返回false，即子View没有处理，最终会交给Activity的onTouchEvent处理。源码如下：

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        if (mWindow.shouldCloseOnTouch(this, event)) {
            finish();
            return true;
        }
        
        return false;
    }

Window判断点击是否需要结束Activity。源码如下：

public boolean shouldCloseOnTouch(Context context, MotionEvent event) {
        if (mCloseOnTouchOutside && event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                && isOutOfBounds(context, event) && peekDecorView() != null) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

二、ViewGroup的事件分发：

dispatchTouchEvent首先有一个安全检查 onFilterTouchEventForSecurity，如果当前window是被遮挡的状态，直接跳过事件下发过程。

源码：

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
        }

        boolean handled = false;
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

            // Handle an initial down.
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
                // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
                // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                resetTouchState();
            }

            // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }

            // Check for cancelation.
            final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
            final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
            TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
            boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
            if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
                if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                    final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                    final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                            : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                    // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
                    // have become out of sync.
                    removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                    final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                        final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
                        final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
                        // Find a child that can receive the event.
                        // Scan children from front to back.
                        final View[] children = mChildren;

                        final boolean customOrder = isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                        for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            final int childIndex = customOrder ?
                                    getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;
                            final View child = children[childIndex];
                            if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
                                    || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                                // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                                // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                                newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                                break;
                            }

                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                                // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                                mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                                mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                        // Did not find a child to receive the event.
                        // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
                        newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                        while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                            newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                        }
                        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Dispatch to touch targets.
            if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
                // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
                handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
            } else {
                // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
                // dispatched to it.  Cancel touch targets if necessary.
                TouchTarget predecessor = null;
                TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
                while (target != null) {
                    final TouchTarget next = target.next;
                    if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
                        handled = true;
                    } else {
                        final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
                                || intercepted;
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                                target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
                            handled = true;
                        }
                        if (cancelChild) {
                            if (predecessor == null) {
                                mFirstTouchTarget = next;
                            } else {
                                predecessor.next = next;
                            }
                            target.recycle();
                            target = next;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    predecessor = target;
                    target = next;
                }
            }

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
            if (canceled
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                resetTouchState();
            } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
                final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
                final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
                removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
            }
        }

        if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
        }
        return handled;
    }

以下是分发的主要流程：

1.判断是否拦截事件。

如果是ACTION_DOWN事件，或者已经有子View处理事件，如果ViewGroup被允许拦截事件，接下来将调用onInterceptTouchEvent，判断当前的ViewGroup是否需要拦截；否则如果前面的事件没有View处理，默认为拦截事件，这样遍历子View的过程即第2步将不会被执行。

2.查询要处理该事件的TouchTarget。

如果不是取消事件并且没有被截断，当ACTION_DOWN时或者允许多点触摸将遍历子View，找到要处理的子View

1)  首先判断child是否能够接收事件，并且点击在child范围内

2) 如果child已经处理过事件，将当前事件的id设置给他，这样可以同时处理多个事件

3) 然后调用 dispatchTransformedTouchEvent，该方法的核心是转换触摸坐标或变换后，最终调用该child的    dispatchTouchEvent判断是否需要处理该事件。如果需要处理，那么添加到当前的TouchTarget链表中。

4）如果没有找到需要处理的child，那么当前的事件会给最近处理的TouchTarget处理

3.分发事件处理

如果没有处理该事件的TouchTarget，即mFirstTouchTarget==null，那么会调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent，执行super.dispatchTouchEvent，并最终交给自己的onTouchEvent处理事件；否则，遍历所有的TouchTarget，调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent处理当前事件。如果当前的child要取消，会从链表中移除，这样后续的事件就不会交给它处理。

4.更新状态。

清空TouchTarget，重置状态等

5.返回结果（true/false）

dispatchTransformedTouchEvent源码如下：

/**
     * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
     * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
     * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
     */
    private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
            View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;

        // Canceling motions is a special case.  We don't need to perform any transformations
        // or filtering.  The important part is the action, not the contents.
        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }

        // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
        final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
        final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;

        // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
        // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
        if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
        // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
        // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
        // Otherwise we need to make a copy.
        final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
        if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
            if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                if (child == null) {
                    handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
                } else {
                    final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
                    final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
                    event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);

                    handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

                    event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
                }
                return handled;
            }
            transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
        } else {
            transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
        }

        // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
        if (child == null) {
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        } else {
            final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
            final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
            transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
            if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
            }

            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        }

        // Done.
        transformedEvent.recycle();
        return handled;
    }

如果是子View，坐标偏移和矩阵转换，然后调用child.dispatchTouchEvent做进一步的事件分发。

如果是ViewGroup，最终调用super.dispatchTouchEvent方法。

需要注意的是，如果触摸的点个数发生变化，会通过event.split获取指定的 desiredPointerIdBits 信息。

三、View的事件分发

dispatchTouchEvent的源码如下

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
        }

        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                return true;
            }

            if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
        }
        return false;
    }

View的dispatchTouchEvent中，首先也会有个安全检查，然后先执行设置的OnTouchListener，如果没有设置，或者返回false，将继续执行默认的onTouchEvent，处理点击、长按等不同的操作。

四、总结

源码基于Android4.4

对于自定义的View，如果想要处理点击事件，必须在ACTION_DOWN时，在onTouchEvent中返回true，这样后续的事件才会继续传递过来。当然也可以重写dispatchTouchEvent方法。

对于自定义的ViewGroup，如果子View没有处理事件，也同样需要在ACTION_DOWN时，在onTouchEvent中返回true；如果已经有子View处理之前的事件，如果需要处理后续的事件，只需要在onInterceptTouchEvent中返回true，并在onTouchEvent中处理事件即可。

上文中的过程是针对于一次完整的触摸事件。

ACTION_DOWN->ACTION_MOVE(&ACTION_POINTER_DOWN->ACTION_POINTER_UP)->ACTION_UP/ACTION_CANCEL

ACTION_POINTER_DOWN和ACTION_POINTER_UP针对于多点触摸的情况