C#可用的RSA公钥加密私钥解密以及私钥加密公钥解密,支持2048

比较好用的RSA在线验证工具:
https://the-x.cn/Cryptography/Rsa.aspx
这几天整理的代码如下
需引用:

using Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1.Pkcs;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1.X509;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Encodings;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Engines;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Generators;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Pkcs;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
using Org.BouncyCastle.X509;

1、C#私钥加密、公钥解密


```csharp
 public sealed class RSACrypt2
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 生成签名
        /// </summary>
        public static RSAKEY GetKey(int keyleng)
        {
            //RSA密钥对的构造器  
            RsaKeyPairGenerator keyGenerator = new RsaKeyPairGenerator();
            //RSA密钥构造器的参数  
            RsaKeyGenerationParameters param = new RsaKeyGenerationParameters(
                Org.BouncyCastle.Math.BigInteger.ValueOf(3),
                new Org.BouncyCastle.Security.SecureRandom(),
                keyleng,   //密钥长度  
                25);
            //用参数初始化密钥构造器  
            keyGenerator.Init(param);
            //产生密钥对  
            AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = keyGenerator.GenerateKeyPair();
            //获取公钥和密钥  
            AsymmetricKeyParameter publicKey = keyPair.Public;
            AsymmetricKeyParameter privateKey = keyPair.Private;
            SubjectPublicKeyInfo subjectPublicKeyInfo = SubjectPublicKeyInfoFactory.CreateSubjectPublicKeyInfo(publicKey);
            PrivateKeyInfo privateKeyInfo = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKey);
            Asn1Object asn1ObjectPublic = subjectPublicKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object();
            byte[] publicInfoByte = asn1ObjectPublic.GetEncoded("UTF-8");
            Asn1Object asn1ObjectPrivate = privateKeyInfo.ToAsn1Object();
            byte[] privateInfoByte = asn1ObjectPrivate.GetEncoded("UTF-8");
            RSAKEY item = new RSAKEY()
            {
                PublicKey = Convert.ToBase64String(publicInfoByte),
                PrivateKey = Convert.ToBase64String(privateInfoByte)
            };
            return item;
        }
        private static AsymmetricKeyParameter GetPublicKeyParameter(string s)
        {
            s = s.Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Replace(" ", "");
            byte[] publicInfoByte = Convert.FromBase64String(s);
            Asn1Object pubKeyObj = Asn1Object.FromByteArray(publicInfoByte);//这里也可以从流中读取,从本地导入   
            AsymmetricKeyParameter pubKey = PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(publicInfoByte);
            return pubKey;
        }
        private static AsymmetricKeyParameter GetPrivateKeyParameter(string s)
        {
            s = s.Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Replace(" ", "");
            byte[] privateInfoByte = Convert.FromBase64String(s);
            // Asn1Object priKeyObj = Asn1Object.FromByteArray(privateInfoByte);//这里也可以从流中读取,从本地导入   
            // PrivateKeyInfo privateKeyInfo = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKey);
            AsymmetricKeyParameter priKey = PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(privateInfoByte);
            return priKey;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 私钥加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="s">明文</param>
        /// <param name="key">私钥(java产出的string)</param>
        public static string EncryptByPrivateKey(string s, string key)
        {
            //非对称加密算法,加解密用  
            IAsymmetricBlockCipher engine = new Pkcs1Encoding(new RsaEngine());
            //加密  
            try
            {
                engine.Init(true, GetPrivateKeyParameter(key));
                byte[] byteData = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s);
                var ResultData = engine.ProcessBlock(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);
                return Convert.ToBase64String(ResultData);
                //Console.WriteLine("密文(base64编码):" + Convert.ToBase64String(testData) + Environment.NewLine);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return ex.Message;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 公钥解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="s">明文</param>
        /// <param name="key">公钥(java产出的string)</param>
        public static string DecryptByPublicKey(string s, string key)
        {
            s = s.Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Replace(" ", "");
            //非对称加密算法,加解密用  
            IAsymmetricBlockCipher engine = new Pkcs1Encoding(new RsaEngine());
            //解密  
            try
            {
                engine.Init(false, GetPublicKeyParameter(key));
                byte[] byteData = Convert.FromBase64String(s);
                var ResultData = engine.ProcessBlock(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);
                return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ResultData);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return ex.Message;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// KEY 结构体
        /// </summary>
        public struct RSAKEY
        {
            public string PublicKey { get; set; }// 公钥
            public string PrivateKey { get; set; }// 私钥
        }
    }

2、C#公钥加密。私钥加密

public sealed class RSACrypt1
    {
        
        /// <summary>  
        /// 公钥加密  
        /// </summary>  
        /// <param name="resData">需要加密的字符串</param>  
        /// <param name="publicKey">公钥</param>  
        /// <param name="input_charset">编码格式</param>  
        /// <returns>明文</returns>  
        public static string encryptData(string resData, string publicKey, string input_charset)
        {
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(resData);
            string result = encrypt(DataToEncrypt, publicKey, input_charset);
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>  
        /// 私钥解密  
        /// </summary>  
        /// <param name="resData">加密字符串</param>  
        /// <param name="privateKey">私钥</param>  
        /// <param name="input_charset">编码格式</param>  
        /// <returns>明文</returns>  
        public static string decryptData(string resData, string privateKey, string input_charset)
        {
            byte[] DataToDecrypt = Convert.FromBase64String(resData);
            string result = "";
            //for (int j = 0; j < DataToDecrypt.Length / 128; j++)
            //{
            //    byte[] buf = new byte[128];
            //    for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++)
            //    {
            //        buf[i] = DataToDecrypt[i + 128 * j];
            //    }
            //    result += decrypt(buf, privateKey, input_charset);
            //}
            result += decrypt(DataToDecrypt, privateKey, input_charset);
            return result;
        }
        private static string encrypt(byte[] data, string publicKey, string input_charset)
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePemPublicKey(publicKey);
            SHA1 sh = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] result = rsa.Encrypt(data, false);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(result);
        }
        private static string decrypt(byte[] data, string privateKey, string input_charset)
        {
            string result = "";
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePemPrivateKey(privateKey);
            SHA1 sh = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] source = rsa.Decrypt(data, false);
            char[] asciiChars = new char[Encoding.GetEncoding(input_charset).GetCharCount(source, 0, source.Length)];
            Encoding.GetEncoding(input_charset).GetChars(source, 0, source.Length, asciiChars, 0);
            result = new string(asciiChars);
            return result;
        }
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePemPrivateKey(String pemstr)
        {
            byte[] pkcs8privatekey;
            pkcs8privatekey = Convert.FromBase64String(pemstr);
            if (pkcs8privatekey != null)
            {
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePrivateKeyInfo(pkcs8privatekey);
                return rsa;
            }
            else
                return null;
        }
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePrivateKeyInfo(byte[] pkcs8)
        {
            byte[] SeqOID = { 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
            byte[] seq = new byte[15];
            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(pkcs8);
            int lenstream = (int)mem.Length;
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            try
            {
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();
                else
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x02)
                    return null;
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes != 0x0001)
                    return null;
                seq = binr.ReadBytes(15);
                if (!CompareBytearrays(seq, SeqOID))
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x04)
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt == 0x81)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else
                    if (bt == 0x82)
                    binr.ReadUInt16();
                byte[] rsaprivkey = binr.ReadBytes((int)(lenstream - mem.Position));
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsacsp = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(rsaprivkey);
                return rsacsp;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
            finally { binr.Close(); }
        }
        private static bool CompareBytearrays(byte[] a, byte[] b)
        {
            if (a.Length != b.Length)
                return false;
            int i = 0;
            foreach (byte c in a)
            {
                if (c != b[i])
                    return false;
                i++;
            }
            return true;
        }
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey)
        {
            byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ;
            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey);
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            int elems = 0;
            try
            {
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();
                else
                    return null;
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes != 0x0102)
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x00)
                    return null;
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                E = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                D = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                P = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);
                RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters();
                RSAparams.Modulus = MODULUS;
                RSAparams.Exponent = E;
                RSAparams.D = D;
                RSAparams.P = P;
                RSAparams.Q = Q;
                RSAparams.DP = DP;
                RSAparams.DQ = DQ;
                RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ;
                RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);
                return RSA;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
            finally { binr.Close(); }
        }
        private static int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr)
        {
            byte bt = 0;
            byte lowbyte = 0x00;
            byte highbyte = 0x00;
            int count = 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();
            if (bt != 0x02)
                return 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();
            if (bt == 0x81)
                count = binr.ReadByte();
            else
                if (bt == 0x82)
            {
                highbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };
                count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
            }
            else
            {
                count = bt;
            }
            while (binr.ReadByte() == 0x00)
            {
                count -= 1;
            }
            binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);
            return count;
        }
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePemPublicKey(String pemstr)
        {
            byte[] pkcs8publickkey;
            pkcs8publickkey = Convert.FromBase64String(pemstr);
            if (pkcs8publickkey != null)
            {
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeRSAPublicKey(pkcs8publickkey);
                return rsa;
            }
            else
                return null;
        }
    
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPublicKey(byte[] publickey)
        {
            byte[] SeqOID = { 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
            byte[] seq = new byte[15];
            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(publickey);
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            try
            {
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();
                else
                    return null;
                seq = binr.ReadBytes(15);
                if (!CompareBytearrays(seq, SeqOID))
                    return null;
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8103)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8203)
                    binr.ReadInt16();
                else
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x00)
                    return null;
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();
                else
                    return null;
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                byte lowbyte = 0x00;
                byte highbyte = 0x00;
                if (twobytes == 0x8102)
                    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                else if (twobytes == 0x8202)
                {
                    highbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                }
                else
                    return null;
                byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };
                int modsize = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
                byte firstbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);
                if (firstbyte == 0x00)
                {
                    binr.ReadByte();
                    modsize -= 1;
                }
                byte[] modulus = binr.ReadBytes(modsize);
                if (binr.ReadByte() != 0x02)
                    return null;
                int expbytes = (int)binr.ReadByte();
                byte[] exponent = binr.ReadBytes(expbytes);
                RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                RSAParameters RSAKeyInfo = new RSAParameters();
                RSAKeyInfo.Modulus = modulus;
                RSAKeyInfo.Exponent = exponent;
                RSA.ImportParameters(RSAKeyInfo);
                return RSA;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
            finally { binr.Close(); }
        }
    }

3、使用方法

///生成密钥方法
RSAKEY key=RSACrypt2.GetKey(2048);
pub_key = key.PublicKey;
prv_key = key.PrivateKey;
///公钥加密
string encode = RSACrypt1.encryptData(data,pub_key, "utf-8");
///私钥解密
string decode = RSACrypt1.decryptData(encode,prv_key, "utf-8");
///私钥钥加密
string pencode = RSACrypt2.EncryptByPrivateKey(data, prv_key);
///公钥解密
string pdecode =RSACrypt2.DecryptByPublicKey(pencode, pub_key);

参考:

https://blog.csdn.net/lwpoor123/article/details/80177669
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37835111/article/details/87358779

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