本文学习资源来自《机器学习实践指南》 案例应用解析
中值滤波与邻域平均法类似,但计算的是中值,而不是平均值。具体算法是:将图像的每个像素用邻域(以当前像素为中心的正方形区域)像素的中值来代替。
椒盐噪声
median
代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#code:
# 中值滤波
import cv2
import numpy as np
fn="test.jpg"
myimg = cv2.imread(fn)
img = cv2.cvtColor(myimg, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 加上椒盐噪声
# 灰价范围
w = img.shape[1]
h = img.shape[0]
newimg = np.array(img)
# 噪声点数量
noisecount = 50000
for k in range(0,noisecount):
xi=int(np.random.uniform(0,newimg.shape[1]))
xj=int(np.random.uniform(0,newimg.shape[0]))
newimg[xj,xi]=255
# 滤波去噪
# 脉冲响应函数 核函数
# 图像四个边的像素处理
lbimg = np.zeros((h+2,w+2),np.float32)
tmpimg = np.zeros((h+2,w+2))
myh=h+2
myw=w+2
tmpimg[1:myh-1, 1:myw-1]=newimg[0:myh, 0:myw]
# 用中值法
for y in range(1,myh-1):
for x in range(1,myw-1):
lbimg[y,x]=np.median(tmpimg[y-1:y+2,x-1:x+2])
print(".")
resultimg = np.array(lbimg[1:myh-1,1:myw-1],np.uint8)
cv2.imshow('src',newimg)
cv2.imshow('dst',resultimg)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
[外链图片转存中…(img-GUhchyvM-1574725921337)]
结果:
也可以使用medianBlur函数实现中值滤波:
cv2.medianBlur(src, ksize[, dst]) -> dst
medianBlur
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#code:
# 中值滤波
import cv2
import numpy as np
fn="test.jpg"
myimg = cv2.imread(fn)
img = cv2.cvtColor(myimg, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 加上椒盐噪声
# 灰价范围
w = img.shape[1]
h = img.shape[0]
newimg = np.array(img)
# 噪声点数量
noisecount = 50000
for k in range(0,noisecount):
xi=int(np.random.uniform(0,newimg.shape[1]))
xj=int(np.random.uniform(0,newimg.shape[0]))
newimg[xj,xi]=255
# 滤波去噪
# 脉冲响应函数 核函数
# 图像四个边的像素处理
lbimg = cv2.medianBlur(newimg, 3)
cv2.imshow('src',newimg)
cv2.imshow('dst',lbimg)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
高斯噪声
import cv2
import numpy as np
fn = "test.jpg"
myimg = cv2.imread(fn)
img = cv2.cvtColor(myimg , cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 加上高斯噪声
param = 20
# 灰阶范围
grayscale = 256
w = img.shape[1]
h = img.shape[0]
newimg = np.zeros((h,w),np.uint8)
# 加上高斯噪声
param=20
# 灰阶范围
grayscale=256
w=img.shape[1]
h=img.shape[0]
newimg=np.zeros((h,w),np.uint8)
for x in range(0,h):
for y in range(0,w,2):
r1 = np.random.random_sample()
r2 = np.random.random_sample()
z1=param*np.cos(2*np.pi*r2)*np.sqrt((-2)*np.log(r1))
z2=param*np.sin(2*np.pi*r2)*np.sqrt((-2)*np.log(r1))
fxy=int(img[x,y]+z1)
fxy1 = int(img[x,y+1]+z2)
#f(x,y)
if fxy<0:
fxy_val=0
elif fxy>grayscale-1:
fxy_val=grayscale-1
else:
fxy_val=fxy
#f(x,y+1)
if fxy1<0:
fxy1_val=0
elif fxy1>grayscale-1:
fxy1_val=grayscale-1
else:
fxy1_val=fxy1
newimg[x,y]=fxy_val
newimg[x,y+1]=fxy1_val
print("-")
# 滤波去噪
lbimg = cv2.medianBlur(newimg, 3)
cv2.imshow('src', newimg)
cv2.imshow('dst',lbimg)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
结果: