动态代理1

class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Tank subject = new Tank(); subject.move(); } } interface Moveable { void move(); } class Tank : Moveable { public void move() { System.Random random = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond); int RandKey = random.Next(10000); Console.WriteLine("moving"); Thread.Sleep(RandKey); Console.WriteLine("move finished"); } }

请看以上的程序，我们实现了一个接口Moveable，里面设置了一个随机的等待时间。很简单的程序吧。

现在我们有这样的要求：

1.我们想知道方法运行了多久。也许我们可以这么做

class Tank : Moveable { public virtual void move() { //记录下开始时间... System.Random random = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond); int RandKey = random.Next(10000); Console.WriteLine("moving"); Thread.Sleep(RandKey); Console.WriteLine("move finished"); //记录下结束时间... //输出... } }

 

2.但是倘若代码是别人给你的包，改不了源码，怎么办？一个现实的问题是，我想给方法做日志，我想给方法做压力测试，看运行要多久。

也许我们可以这么做：

class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Moveable subject = new TankRecord(); subject.move(); } } interface Moveable { void move(); } class Tank : Moveable { public virtual void move() { System.Random random = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond); int RandKey = random.Next(10000); Console.WriteLine("moving"); Thread.Sleep(RandKey); Console.WriteLine("move finished"); } } class TankRecord : Tank { public override void move() { //记录下开始时间... base.move(); //记录下结束时间... //输出... } }

用一个新的类继承我们的旧的类

或者我们改用聚合来实现：

class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Moveable subject = new TankRecord(new Tank()); subject.move(); } } interface Moveable { void move(); } class Tank : Moveable { public virtual void move() { System.Random random = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond); int RandKey = random.Next(10000); Console.WriteLine("moving"); Thread.Sleep(RandKey); Console.WriteLine("move finished"); } } class TankRecord : Moveable { private Tank tank; public TankRecord(Tank tank) { this.tank = tank; } public void move() { //记录下开始时间... tank.move(); //记录下结束时间... //输出... } }

实际上上面这两个都是代理。都是代理的实现方法，聚合比继承好。因为如果采用继承方式，想做日志，以及日志和计时的复合操作，我们可以这么写。

class TankRecord : Tank { public override void move() { DateTime start = System.DateTime.Now; base.move(); DateTime end = System.DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(end - start); } } class LogRecord : Tank { public override void move() { Console.WriteLine("log start"); base.move(); Console.WriteLine("log end"); } } class ComplexRecord : Tank { public override void move() { Console.WriteLine("log start"); DateTime start = System.DateTime.Now; base.move(); DateTime end = System.DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(end - start); Console.WriteLine("log end"); } } class ComplexRecord2 : Tank { public override void move() { DateTime start = System.DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine("log start"); base.move(); Console.WriteLine("log end"); DateTime end = System.DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(end - start); } }

可以看见，对于一种新的功能，都要完全实现一个新的类。

那么如果采用聚合来实现会怎样呢？

class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Moveable moveable = new TankRecord(new LogRecord(new Tank())); //Moveable moveable = new LogRecord(new TankRecord(new Tank())); moveable.move(); } } interface Moveable { void move(); } class Tank : Moveable { public virtual void move() { System.Random random = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond); int RandKey = random.Next(10000); Console.WriteLine("moving"); Thread.Sleep(RandKey); Console.WriteLine("move finished"); } } class TankRecord : Moveable { private Moveable moveable; public TankRecord(Moveable moveable) { this.moveable = moveable; } public void move() { DateTime start = System.DateTime.Now; moveable.move(); DateTime end = System.DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(end - start); } } class LogRecord : Moveable { private Moveable moveable; public LogRecord(Moveable moveable) { this.moveable = moveable; } public void move() { Console.WriteLine("log start"); moveable.move(); Console.WriteLine("log end"); } }

我们看到，对于复合功能的实现，我们只要交换一下顺序就可以了。不用定义新的代理类，在进行功能组合的时候不会产生类爆炸的问题，这说明了聚合是比继承好的。先讲到这里，请关注

《动态代理2》