maven是一款在Java中广泛使用的项目管理工具,常用于项目的依赖引入和打包部署,如果在Linux中安装maven,可以方便地实现在不pakage jar包的情况下直接运行spring boot项目,本文介绍Linux下maven的安装与配置。
01 下载maven安装包
阿里巴巴maven安装包仓库https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/maven/maven-3,可选择需要的版本,本文以3.6.3为例。
# 首先需要安装wget工具 用于远程下载文件
yum -y install wget
# 然后下载maven安装包
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/maven/maven-3/3.6.3/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz
02 解压缩文件并移动目录
# 解压缩
tar -zvxf apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz
# 将解压后的文件夹移动到/var/local目录下
mv apache-maven-3.6.3 /var/local/
03 添加环境变量
# 打开环境变量编辑界面
vim /etc/profile
# 写入环境变量
export MAVEN_HOME=/var/local/apache-maven-3.6.3
export MAVEN_HOME
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
# 刷新环境变量配置文件
source /etc/profile
04 验证是否安装成功
# 在任意路径下输入命令查看是否安装成功
mvn -v
05 配置镜像
maven默认拉取中央仓库,国内访问速度很慢,建议配置阿里云镜像。
# 打开maven配置文件
vim /var/local/apache-maven-3.6.3/conf/settings.xml
在settings.xml的<mirrors\>
标签中加上以下内容
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-public</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun public</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-central</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun central</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-spring</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun spring</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-spring-plugin</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun spring-plugin</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-apache-snapshots</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun apache-snapshots</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-google</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun google</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-gradle-plugin</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun gradle-plugin</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-jcenter</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun jcenter</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-releases</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun releases</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/releases</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-snapshots</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun snapshots</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/snapshots</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-grails-core</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun grails-core</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun-mapr-public</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun mapr-public</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/mapr-public</url>
</mirror>
06 配置jdk版本(可选)
有时maven默认使用的jdk版本是1.4,如果想要指定版本,可以在settings.xml中加入配置来实现。
以jdk1.8为例,在settings.xml的<profiles>
标签中加上以下内容:
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>repository_set</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>public</id>
<name>Public Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>public</id>
<name>Public Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>