整合SSM（以书城项目为例）

整合SSM（以书城项目为例）

0.项目介绍

功能介绍：

​ 实现书城书籍的增删改查功能（孱弱的功能。。😓）

用到的知识：

​ MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识

​ 以及简单的前端知识；

1.准备工作

1）数据库

建表语句

CREATE TABLE `books`(
	`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书籍编号',
	`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书籍名称',
	`bookCounts` INT(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '书籍数量',
	`details` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '备注',
	KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

添加初始数据

INSERT INTO `books` VALUES
(1,'从入门到放弃',1,'Java'),
(2,'从删库到跑路',5,'MySQL'),
(3,'从进门到进牢',10,'Linux');

2）创建项目

配置pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xqc</groupId>
    <artifactId>BookStore</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!--Junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Servlet - JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.18</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

3）框架搭建

创建需要的包以便于管理：

​ ①pojo：存放封装数据的实体类，一般来说与数据库对应

​ ②dao：存放操作数据库的接口，以及对应的Mapper配置文件

​ ③service：业务层，存放服务接口以及对应的实现类

​ ④controller：控制层，存放实现与前端页面的请求回应的类

必要的配置文件：

​ applicationContext.xml (Spring的配置文件，之后会在这里导入其他框架的配置文件交给Spring统一调度)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

​ mybatis-config.xml（mybatis的配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--settings：控制mybatis全局行为-->
    <settings>
        <!--设置mybatis输出日志-->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--name:实体类所在的包名-->
        <package name="com.xqc.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!-- sql mapper(sql映射文件)的位置-->
    <mappers>
        <!--
          name：是包名， 这个包中的所有mapper.xml一次都能加载
        -->
        <package name="com.xqc.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

4）idea链接数据库

便于之后代码的编写：

可能的设置：时区设置

2.整合过程

实体类

① com.xqc.pojo.Books(对照数据库中的字段编写)

package com.xqc.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String details;
}

dao层

① com.xqc.dao.BooksMapper（增删改查的接口）

package com.xqc.dao;

import com.xqc.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BooksMapper {
    int addBooks(Books books);
    int deleteBooks(@Param("bookID") int id);
    int updateBooks(Books books);
    Books queryBooksById(@Param("bookID") int id);
    List<Books> queryAllBooks();
}

② com.xqc.dao.BooksMapper.xml(对应接口的具体sql语句)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.xqc.dao.BooksMapper">
    <insert id="addBooks" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, details)
        values
        (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{details});
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBooks" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID};
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBooks" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books set
        bookID=#{bookID}, bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts}
        where bookID=#{bookID};
    </update>

    <select id="queryBooksById" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID=#{bookID};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBooks" resultType="Books">
        select *
        from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>
</mapper>

③ database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localh![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210206024915983.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3h2Y2Fpbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
ost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123568

④ spring-dao.xml(设置数据库链接)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="1" />
        <property name="minIdle" value="1" />
        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />

        <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />

        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />

        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />

        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" />
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />

        <!-- 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 -->
        <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
        <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20" />

        <!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计 -->
        <property name="filters" value="stat" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.xqc.dao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

service层

① com.xqc.service.BooksService(服务接口，这里太懒了直接直接使用dao层的增删改查功能)

package com.xqc.service;

import com.xqc.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BooksService {
    int addBooks(Books books);
    int deleteBooks(int id);
    int updateBooks(Books books);
    Books queryBooksById(int id);
    List<Books> queryAllBooks();
}

② com.xqc.service.Impl.BooksServiceImpl(服务接口的实现类)

package com.xqc.service.Impl;

import com.xqc.dao.BooksMapper;
import com.xqc.pojo.Books;
import com.xqc.service.BooksService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

@Component
public class BooksServiceImpl implements BooksService {
    BooksMapper mapper;

    public void setMapper(BooksMapper mapper) {
        this.mapper = mapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBooks(Books books) {
        return mapper.addBooks(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBooks(int id) {
        return mapper.deleteBooks(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBooks(Books books) {
        return mapper.updateBooks(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBooksById(int id) {
        return mapper.queryBooksById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
        return mapper.queryAllBooks();
    }
}

③ spring-service.xml(扫描@Component注解，实现自动注入)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

   <context:component-scan base-package="com.xqc.service" />
    <bean id="BooksServiceImpl" class="com.xqc.service.Impl.BooksServiceImpl">
        <property name="mapper" ref="booksMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
</beans>

controller层

① com.xqc.conrtroller.BooksController(接受请求并返回页面跳转信息)

package com.xqc.controller;

import com.xqc.service.BooksService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BooksController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BooksServiceImpl")
    private BooksService booksService;

    @GetMapping("/all")
    public String getAllBooks(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("BooksList", booksService.queryAllBooks());
        return "all";
    }
}

② spring-mvc.xml(配置controller信息)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xqc.controller" />
</beans>

Spring配置整合文件

​ applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

3.增加Web框架

1）必要的步骤

2）web.xml

​ 配置web服务器，核心件：DispatcherServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

3) 渲染数据（学艺不精，直接偷过来了）

​ index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
  <title>首页</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    a {
      text-decoration: none;
      color: black;
      font-size: 18px;
    }
    h3 {
      width: 180px;
      height: 38px;
      margin: 100px auto;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 38px;
      background: deepskyblue;
      border-radius: 4px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

<h3>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/all">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

​ all.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('BooksList')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetails()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

4)记得打包！！