onMeasure的宽高生成解析

在View的绘制流程中，onMeasure是负责测量控件的大小的

@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
    super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}

他的两个参数分别代表宽和高，接下来我们要看下这两个参数的意义以及他们究竟是如何生成的

首先这两个参数都是一个32位的int值，其中高2位代表了SpecMode，低30位则代表了SpecSize

SpecMode指的是测量模式

private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static final int EXACTLY     = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static final int AT_MOST     = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;

共有三种模式，分别为UNSPECIFIED，EXACTLY 和AT_MOST，第一个一般不怎么用，EXACTLY 表明控件的宽高是确定的，AT_MOST表明父控件有指定的宽高，而该控件的宽高则不允许大于父控件的宽高，我们一般重写onMeasure都是针对于这种情况来设定控件的宽高

SpecSize就很简单了，就是该控件的宽高

我们接着看看MeasureSpec是如何生成的

布局的绘制起始于ViewRootImpl的performTraversals方法，而在performTraversals中测量流程最先始于performMeasure方法

int childWidthMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mWidth, lp.width);
int childHeightMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mHeight, lp.height);
performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);

private void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");
        try {
            mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
        } finally {
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
        }
    }

performMeasure调用了最顶层的View（也就是DecorView）的measure，最开始宽高的MeasureSpec来自于getRootMeasureSpec方法，先来说下参数：mWidth，mHeight是我们屏幕的宽高；而lp

WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = mWindowAttributes;

final WindowManager.LayoutParams mWindowAttributes = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();

则是一个无参的LayoutParams，他的默认宽高都是MATCH_PARENT

public LayoutParams() {
      super(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
      type = TYPE_APPLICATION;
      format = PixelFormat.OPAQUE;
}

接着看getRootMeasureSpec方法

private static int getRootMeasureSpec(int windowSize, int rootDimension) {
        int measureSpec;
        switch (rootDimension) {

        case ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT:
            // Window can't resize. Force root view to be windowSize.
            measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(windowSize, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            break;
        case ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT:
            // Window can resize. Set max size for root view.
            measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(windowSize, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);
            break;
        default:
            // Window wants to be an exact size. Force root view to be that size.
            measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rootDimension, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            break;
        }
        return measureSpec;
    }

 public static int makeMeasureSpec(int size,int mode) {
            if (sUseBrokenMakeMeasureSpec) {
                return size + mode;
            } else {
                return (size & ~MODE_MASK) | (mode & MODE_MASK);
            }
        }

很简单，就是判断下lp的宽高类型，然后简单的相加，就生成了我们最初的MeasureSpec

接着来看看之后的MeasureSpec是如何生成的，在ViewGroup中有一个getChildMeasureSpec方法负责生成子View的MeasureSpec

public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) {
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);

        int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding);

        int resultSize = 0;
        int resultMode = 0;

        switch (specMode) {
        // Parent has imposed an exact size on us
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size. So be it.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent has imposed a maximum size on us
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... so be it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.
                // Constrain child to not be bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent asked to see how big we want to be
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... let him have it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should
                // be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how
                // big it should be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            }
            break;
        }
        //noinspection ResourceType
        return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);
    }

还是先来说下这个方法的三个参数
spec：这个ViewGroup的MeasureSpec
padding：就是我们在xml文件定义的padding参数
childDimension：子View的LayoutParams，也就是我们写的WRAP_CONTENT，MATCH_PARENT这些

其实逻辑也很清楚，子View的MeasureSpec是由父控件的MeasureSpec和子View本身的LayoutParams共同决定的，因为MeasureSpec的Mode有三种，而LayoutParams的参数也可以分为三种，即WRAP_CONTENT，MATCH_PARENT和具体数值，所以上面有9种方式生成了子View的SpecMode和SpecSize，最后调用makeMeasureSpec方法生成了子View的MeasureSpec

最后来个表，表明子View的MeasureSpec的创建规则