java getLocalHostName底层实现

最近工作getLocalHostName返回值和linux 命令hostname返回值不太一样，就深入研究了一下jdk源码实现，请参考代码注释。

JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_java_net_Inet4AddressImpl_getLocalHostName(JNIEnv *env, jobject this) {
    char hostname[NI_MAXHOST+1];

    hostname[0] = '\0';
    if (JVM_GetHostName(hostname, sizeof(hostname))) {//如果获取失败，则设置默认值localhost
        /* Something went wrong, maybe networking is not setup? */
        strcpy(hostname, "localhost");
    } else {
        struct addrinfo hints, *res;
        int error;

        hostname[NI_MAXHOST] = '\0'; //设置默认结束符
        memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
        hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME; //这个参数很重要，要求返回主机规范名称，非别名
        hints.ai_family = AF_INET;

        error = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, &hints, &res); //这里hostname会重新改写

        if (error == 0) {/* host is known to name service */
            getnameinfo(res->ai_addr,
                        res->ai_addrlen,
                        hostname,
                        NI_MAXHOST,
                        NULL,
                        0,
                        NI_NAMEREQD);

            /* if getnameinfo fails hostname is still the value
               from gethostname */

            freeaddrinfo(res);
        }
    }
    return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, hostname);
}

参照jdk的源码，我这里自己编写了一个c语言程序，如下：

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define NI_MAXHOST 1025
int main() {
    char hostname[NI_MAXHOST+1] = {0};
    gethostname(hostname, NI_MAXHOST);
    printf("别名字name=%s\n", hostname);
    struct addrinfo hints, *res;
    int error;

    memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
    hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
    hints.ai_family = AF_INET;

    error = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, &hints, &res);

    if (error == 0) {/* host is known to name service */
        getnameinfo(res->ai_addr,
                    res->ai_addrlen,
                    hostname,
                    NI_MAXHOST,
                    NULL,
                    0,
                    NI_NAMEREQD);

        /* if getnameinfo fails hostname is still the value
            from gethostname */

        freeaddrinfo(res);
    }
    printf("规范名字name=%s\n", hostname);
}

$ ./a.out      
别名字name=test-00010-00.py
规范名字name=test-00010-00.py.mycompany.com

我这里认为规范名应该类似域名。  

获取有效ip地址（除去localhost，虚拟ip等）

//指定网卡名称获取ip
public static String getIpAddrByName(String networkInterfaceName) {
    try {
        //get network interface by name
        NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.getByName(networkInterfaceName);
        if (networkInterface == null) {
            logger.error("Interface {} is not found.", networkInterfaceName);
            return "";
        }
        logger.info("network interface: " + networkInterface.getDisplayName());

        InetAddress ipAddress = null;
        //get all ip addresses band to this interface
        Enumeration<InetAddress> addresses = networkInterface.getInetAddresses();
        while (addresses.hasMoreElements()) {
            ipAddress = addresses.nextElement();

            if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress instanceof Inet4Address) {
                return ipAddress.getHostAddress();
            }
        }
    } catch (SocketException e) {
        logger.warn("Exception ", e);
    }
    return "";
}

//获取所有物理网卡ip
public static List<String> getAllIpAddr() {
    List<String> addressSet = new ArrayList<>();
    try {
        Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
        while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
            NetworkInterface ni = (NetworkInterface) en.nextElement();
            Enumeration<InetAddress> enumInetAddr = ni.getInetAddresses();
            while (enumInetAddr.hasMoreElements()) {
                InetAddress inetAddress = (InetAddress) enumInetAddr.nextElement();
                if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress() && !inetAddress.isLinkLocalAddress()
                        && inetAddress.isSiteLocalAddress()) {
                    addressSet.add(inetAddress.getHostAddress());
                }
            }
        }
    } catch (SocketException e) {

    }
    return addressSet;
}