Typora Markdown常用数学编辑公式

基本公式

上下标

$$\begin{gathered} A_1^2 \\ {B}_{12} \\ {2}^{x^2+y} \end{gathered}$$

$$
A_1^2
\\
B_{12}
\\
2^{x^2+y}
$$

分数

$$\begin{gathered} \frac{x}{1+x^2} \\ \frac{\frac{1}{2}+x}{y} \\ \frac{a}{b}\frac{a}{b} \end{gathered}$$

$$
\frac{x}{1+x^2}
\\
\frac{\frac{1}{2}+x}{y}
\\
\tfrac{a}{b}
\frac{a}{b}
$$

根号

$$\sqrt{x}\sqrt[3]{x}$$

$$
\sqrt{x}
\sqrt[3]{x}
$$

组合数

$$\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{k}\right)\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{k}\right)$$

$$
\binom{n}{k}
\tbinom{n}{k}
$$

导数

$$a^{\prime }{a}^{\prime \prime }{a}^{\prime }$$

$$
a'
a''
a^{\prime}
$$

取模

$$\begin{gathered} x(\mathrm{mod}a) \\ 2\mathrm{mod}x \end{gathered}$$

$$
x \pmod a
\\
2\mod{x}
$$

积分

$$\begin{gathered} {\int }_1^2\underset{2}{\overset{1}{\int }}\oint \int \\ \iint \iint \iiint \iiint \end{gathered}$$

$$
\int_{1}^{2}
\intop_{2}^{1}
\oint
\smallint
\\
\iint
\oiint
\iiint
\oiiint
$$

微分

$$\nabla \partial x\mathrm{d}x\dot{x}\ddot{y}\Delta$$

$$
\nabla		
\partial x			
\mathrm{d}x	
\dot x		
\ddot y     
\Delta
$$

累加、累乘、极限

$$\begin{gathered} \sum _{i=1}^k\sum _{i=1}^n{\sum }_{i=1}^n \\ {\prod }_{i=1}^k\prod _{i=1}^n{\prod }_{i=1}^n \\ {\lim }_{k\to \infty }\underset{k\to \infty }{\lim }{\lim }_{k\to \infty }] \end{gathered}$$

$$
\sum_{i=1}^{k}
\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n
\textstyle\sum_{i=1}^n
\\
\prod_{i=1}^{k}
\displaystyle\prod_{i=1}^n
\textstyle\prod_{i=1}^n
\\
\lim_{k \to \infty}
\lim\limits_{k \to \infty}
\lim\nolimits_{k \to \infty}]
$$

修饰符

简单的帽子

$$\begin{gathered} \hat{\theta }\widehat{AB} \\ \bar{y}\overline{AB} \\ \tilde{a}\widetilde{ac} \\ \bar{a}\acute{a}\check{a}\grave{a} \\ \dot{a}\ddot{a} \end{gathered}$$

$$
\hat{\theta}
\widehat{AB}
\\
\bar{y}
\overline{AB}
\\
\tilde{a}
\widetilde{ac}
\\
\bar{a}
\acute{a}
\check{a}
\grave{a}
\\
\dot{a}
\ddot{a}
$$

帽子和袜子

$$\begin{gathered} \overleftarrow{AB}\overrightarrow{AB}\overleftrightarrow{AB} \\ \underleftarrow{AB}\underrightarrow{AB}\underleftrightarrow{AB} \\ \overbrace{AB}\underbrace{AB} \\ \overline{AB}\underline{AB} \end{gathered}$$

$$
\overleftarrow{AB}
\overrightarrow{AB}
\overleftrightarrow{AB}
\\
\underleftarrow{AB}
\underrightarrow{AB}
\underleftrightarrow{AB}
\\
\overbrace{AB}
\underbrace{AB}
\\
\overline{AB}
\underline{AB}
$$

盒子和帽子

$$\begin{gathered} \stackrel{\text{note}}{\overbrace{a+b+c}} \\ \underset{\text{note}}{\underbrace{a+b+c}} \\ \boxed{\pi =3.14} \end{gathered}$$

$$
\overbrace{a+b+c}^{\text{note}}
\\
\underbrace{a+b+c}_{\text{note}}
\\
\boxed{\pi=3.14}
$$

各种括号

$$((\left(\right(($$

$$
(
\big(
\Big(
\bigg(
\Bigg(
$$

[ ] < > ∣ − 2 ∣ { } [] <> |-2| \{\} []<>∣−2∣{}

$$
[]
<>
|-2|
\{\}
$$

$$⟮x⟯\Vert a\Vert \lceil 2.6\rceil \lfloor 1.2\rfloor$$

$$
\lgroup x \rgroup
\lVert a \rVert
\lceil 2.6 \rceil
\lfloor 1.2 \rfloor
$$

$$┌┐└┘$$

$$
\ulcorner
\urcorner
\llcorner
\lrcorner
$$

希腊字母

No.	Lowercase	Uppercase	English	IPA
$1$	$\alpha$	$A$	$alpha$	/'ælfə/
$2$	$\beta$	$B$	$beta$	/'bi:tə/or/'beɪtə/
$3$	$\gamma$	$\Gamma$	$gamma$	/'gæmə/
$4$	$\delta$	$\Delta$	$delta$	/'deltə/
$5$	$ϵ$	$E$	$epsilon$	/'epsɪlɒn/
$6$	$\zeta$	$Z$	$zeta$	/'zi:tə/
$7$	$\eta$	$H$	$eta$	/'i:tə/
$8$	$\theta$	$\Theta$	$theta$	/'θi:tə/
$9$	$\iota$	$I$	$iota$	/aɪ’əʊtə/
$10$	$\kappa$	$K$	$kappa$	/'kæpə/
$11$	$\lambda$	$\lambda$	$lambda$	/'læmdə/
$12$	$\mu$	$M$	$mu$	/mju:/
$13$	$\nu$	$N$	$nu$	/nju:/
$14$	$\xi$	$\Xi$	$xi$	/ksi/or/'zaɪ/or/'ksaɪ/
$15$	$o$	$O$	$omicron$	/əu’maikrən/or/'ɑmɪ,krɑn/
$16$	$\pi$	$\Pi$	$pi$	/paɪ/
$17$	$\rho$	$P$	$rho$	/rəʊ/
$18$	$\sigma$	$\Sigma$	$sigma$	/'sɪɡmə/
$19$	$\tau$	$T$	$tau$	/tɔ:/or/taʊ/
$20$	$\upsilon$	${\rm Y}$	$upsilon$	/'ipsilon/or/'ʌpsilɒn/
$21$	$\varphi$	$\Phi$	$phi$	/faɪ/
$22$	$\chi$	$X$	$chi$	/kaɪ/
$23$	$\psi$	$\Psi$	$psi$	/psaɪ/
$24$	$\omega$	$\Omega$	$omega$	/'əʊmɪɡə/or/oʊ’meɡə/

| No.  | Lowercase  | Uppercase  |  English  |              IPA              |
| :--: | :--------: | :--------: | :-------: | :---------------------------: |
| $1$  |  $\alpha$  |    $A$     |  $alpha$  |          **/'ælfə/**          |
| $2$  |  $\beta$   |    $B$     |  $beta$   |    **/'bi:tə/or/'beɪtə/**     |
| $3$  |  $\gamma$  |  $\Gamma$  |  $gamma$  |          **/'gæmə/**          |
| $4$  |  $\delta$  |  $\Delta$  |  $delta$  |         **/'deltə/**          |
| $5$  | $\epsilon$ |    $E$     | $epsilon$ |        **/'epsɪlɒn/**         |
| $6$  |  $\zeta$   |    $Z$     |  $zeta$   |         **/'zi:tə/**          |
| $7$  |   $\eta$   |    $H$     |   $eta$   |          **/'i:tə/**          |
| $8$  |  $\theta$  |  $\Theta$  |  $theta$  |         **/'θi:tə/**          |
| $9$  |  $\iota$   |    $I$     |  $iota$   |         **/aɪ'əʊtə/**         |
| $10$ |  $\kappa$  |    $K$     |  $kappa$  |          **/'kæpə/**          |
| $11$ | $\lambda$  | $\lambda$  | $lambda$  |         **/'læmdə/**          |
| $12$ |   $\mu$    |    $M$     |   $mu$    |          **/mju:/**           |
| $13$ |   $\nu$    |    $N$     |   $nu$    |          **/nju:/**           |
| $14$ |   $\xi$    |   $\Xi$    |   $xi$    |   **/ksi/or/'zaɪ/or/'ksaɪ/**  |
| $15$ | $\omicron$ |    $O$     | $omicron$ | **/əu'maikrən/or/'ɑmɪ,krɑn/** |
| $16$ |   $\pi$    |   $\Pi$    |   $pi$    |           **/paɪ/**           |
| $17$ |   $\rho$   |    $P$     |   $rho$   |           **/rəʊ/**           |
| $18$ |  $\sigma$  |  $\Sigma$  |  $sigma$  |         **/'sɪɡmə/**          |
| $19$ |   $\tau$   |    $T$     |   $tau$   |       **/tɔ:/or/taʊ/**        |
| $20$ | $\upsilon$ | $\Upsilon$ | $upsilon$ |  **/'ipsilon/or/'ʌpsilɒn/**   |
| $21$ |   $\phi$   |   $\Phi$   |   $phi$   |           **/faɪ/**           |
| $22$ |   $\chi$   |    $X$     |   $chi$   |           **/kaɪ/**           |
| $23$ |   $\psi$   |   $\Psi$   |   $psi$   |          **/psaɪ/**           |
| $24$ |  $\omega$  |  $\Omega$  |  $omega$  |   **/'əʊmɪɡə/or/oʊ'meɡə/**    |

算数运算符

$$\begin{gathered} 减号：- \\ +\times /÷\cdot \#\% \end{gathered}$$

$$
减号：-
\\
+
\times
/
\div
\cdot
\#
\%
$$

$$\circ \ast \star \otimes \oplus \odot$$

$$
\circ
\ast
\star
\otimes
\oplus
\odot
$$

$$\pm \mp \dotplus \divideontimes$$

$$
\pm
\mp
\dotplus
\divideontimes
$$

比较运算符

$$\begin{gathered} 大于号：> \\ <\le \ge \gg \ll \end{gathered}$$

$$
大于号：>
\\
<
\le
\ge
\gg
\ll
$$

$$⋞⋟\prec \succ ⪯⪰$$

$$
\curlyeqprec
\curlyeqsucc
\prec
\succ
\preceq
\succeq
$$

集合运算符

$$\begin{gathered} \in \ni \not\subset /\supset \subseteq \supseteq \\ \cap \cup \wedge \vee \\ \neg \varnothing \varnothing \\ \because \forall \exists \therefore \end{gathered}$$

$$
\in
\owns \not
\subset \not
\supset
\subseteq
\supseteq
\\
\cap
\cup
\land
\lor
\\
\neg
\emptyset
\varnothing
\\
\because
\forall
\exists
\therefore
$$

$$\cap \cup \wedge \vee \bigsqcup \sqcap$$

$$
\cap
\cup
\land
\lor
\sqcup
\sqcap
$$

箭头符

$$\begin{gathered} \leftarrow \leftarrow \to \to \leftrightarrow \\ \uparrow \downarrow \updownarrow \end{gathered}$$

$$
\gets
\leftarrow
\to
\rightarrow
\leftrightarrow
\\
\uparrow
\downarrow
\updownarrow
$$

$$\begin{gathered} \Leftarrow \Rightarrow \iff ⟺ \\ \Uparrow \Downarrow \Updownarrow \end{gathered}$$

$$
\Leftarrow
\Rightarrow
\Leftrightarrow
\iff
\\
\Uparrow
\Downarrow
\Updownarrow
$$

$$\nearrow \searrow \swarrow \nwarrow$$

$$
\nearrow
\searrow
\swarrow
\nwarrow
$$

$$⟵⟶⟷⟸⟹⟺⟼$$

$$
\longleftarrow
\longrightarrow
\longleftrightarrow
\Longleftarrow
\Longrightarrow
\Longleftrightarrow
\longmapsto
$$

$$\stackrel{over}{\to }\underset{under}{\to }\underset{under}{\overset{over}{\to }}\underset{under}{\overset{over}{\leftarrow }}\underset{under}{\leftarrow }\stackrel{over}{\leftarrow }$$

$$
\xrightarrow{over}
\xrightarrow[under]{}
\xrightarrow[under]{over}
\xleftarrow[under]{over}
\xleftarrow[under]{}
\xleftarrow[]{over}
$$

空格间距

$$\begin{gathered} AB \\ AB \\ AB \\ AB \\ AB \\ AB \\ AB \\ AB \end{gathered}$$

$$
A\!B
\\
AB
\\
A\thinspace B
\\
A\:B
\\
A\ B
\\
A \enspace B
\\
A\quad B
\\
A\qquad B
$$

矩阵

$$A=\begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}$$

$$
A = \begin{matrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{matrix}
$$

$$B=\left(\begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}\right)$$

$$
B = \begin{pmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{pmatrix}
$$

$$C=\left|\begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}\right|$$

$$
C = \begin{vmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{vmatrix}
$$

$$D=\left[\begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}\right]$$

$$
D = \begin{bmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{bmatrix}
$$

$$E=\Vert \begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}\Vert$$

$$
E = \begin{Vmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{Vmatrix}
$$

$$F=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}a& b\\ c& d\end{array}\right\}$$

$$
F = \begin{Bmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d
\end{Bmatrix}
$$

$$[Ab]=\left[\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{cccc}{a}_{11}& a_{12}& a_{13}& b_1\\ a_{21}& a_{22}& a_{23}& b_2\\ a_{31}& a_{32}& a_{33}& b_3\end{array}\end{array}\right]$$

$$
[A\ b] = 
\begin{bmatrix}
\begin{array}{c c c|c}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & b_1\\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} & b_2\\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} & b_3\\
\end{array}
\end{bmatrix}
$$

$$\begin{array}{ccc}a& b& c\\ d& e& f\\ g& h& i\end{array}$$

$$
\begin{array}{c:c:c}
a & b & c \\ 
\hline
d & e & f \\
\hdashline
 g & h & i
\end{array}
$$

$$L_{n\times n}=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{a}_{11}& a_{12}& \cdots & a_{1n}\\ a_{21}& a_{22}& \cdots & a_{2n}\\ ⋮& ⋮& \ddots & ⋮\\ a_{n1}& a_{n2}& \cdots & a_{nn}\end{array}\right]$$

$$
L_{n\times n} = \begin{bmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\ 
a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\ 
\vdots & \vdots &\ddots & \vdots\\
a_{n1} & a_{n2} & \cdots & a_{nn} \\ 
\end{bmatrix}
$$

列式、方程组

$$\begin{array}{rl}f(x)& =(x+1{)}^2\\ & =x^2+2x+1\end{array}$$

$$
\begin{aligned}
f(x) &= (x+1)^2\\
&= x^2 + 2x + 1
\end{aligned}
$$

$$f(x)=\{\begin{array}{ll}a& \text{if b}\\ b& \text{if a}\end{array}$$

$$
f(x) = \begin{cases}
a &\text{if b}\\
b &\text{if a}\\
\end{cases}
$$

$$\{\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{rl}x+2y& =1\\ 3x-y& =5\end{array}\end{array}$$

$$
\begin{cases}
\begin{aligned}
x + 2y &= 1\\
3x - y &= 5
\end{aligned}
\end{cases}
$$

$$g(x,y)=\{\begin{array}{rcl}\frac{M_g-d}{M_f-b}[f(x,y)-b]+d& & b\le f(x,y)\le M_f\\ F_L^{\ast }& & S_L\le 0<S_M\\ F_R^{\ast }& & S_M\le 0<S_R\\ F_R& & S_R\le 0\end{array}$$

$$
g(x,y)=\left\{
\begin{array}{rcl}
\frac{M_g - d}{M_f-b}[f(x,y)-b]+d       &      & {b      \leq  f(x,y)  \leq M_f}\\
F^*_L     &      & {S_L \leq 0 < S_M}\\
F^*_R     &      & {S_M \leq 0 < S_R}\\
F_R       &      & {S_R \leq 0}
\end{array} \right.
$$

作废符

$$\cancel{5}\bcancel{5}\xcancel{ABC}$$

$$
\cancel{5}
\bcancel{5}
\xcancel{ABC}
$$

常见图形

$$\square \square ■△▽▲\diamond ◊\star ★\circ \bullet ◯⨀$$

$$
\Box
\square
\blacksquare
\triangle
\triangledown
\blacktriangle
\diamond
\Diamond
\star
\bigstar
\circ
\bullet
\bigcirc
\bigodot
$$

$$♢♣♡♠$$

$$
\diamondsuit
\clubsuit
\heartsuit
\spadesuit
$$

$$\angle \measuredangle \top \perp \infty$$

$$
\angle
\measuredangle
\top
\bot
\infty
$$

$$✓†‡\yen \$$$

$$
\checkmark
\dagger
\ddagger
\yen
\$
$$

声明宏（高级用法：定义函数）

对于一些复杂但是只有少许不同的表达式，可以声明一个函数来调用，提高源码的可读性，减少出错.

\def\macroname#1#2{
your command
}

宏允许带任意数量的参数（也可以不带参），必须是#1,#2,……这样的命名格式，同时注意在定义宏的时候注意让#1与\中间隔一个空格，否则会解析成#。在调用的时候格式为\macroname{x}{y}{z},例子
$$\begin{gathered} f(x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi }{\sigma }_1}\exp [-\frac{(x-u_1{)}^2}{2{\sigma }_1^2}] \\ f(y)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi }{\sigma }_2}\exp [-\frac{(y-u_2{)}^2}{2{\sigma }_2^2}] \end{gathered}$$

$$
\def\Normal#1#2#3{
\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}\ #3}\exp{[-\frac{(#1 - #2)^2}{2\ #3^2}]}
}
f(x)=\Normal{x}{u_1}{\sigma_1}\\
f(y)=\Normal{y}{u_2}{\sigma_2}\\
$$

颜色和大小

$$\begin{gathered} F=ma \\ F=ma \\ F=ma \\ oneline \\ nothing \end{gathered}$$

$$
\textcolor{blue}{F=ma}
\\
\textcolor{#00ff00}{F=ma}
\\
\textcolor{#ff0000}{F=ma}
\\
\color{blue} one\ line
\\
nothing
$$

$$\begin{gathered} F=ma \\ A \\ \boxed{A} \end{gathered}$$

$$
\colorbox{#00ff00}{F=ma}
\\
\colorbox{aqua}{A}
\\
\fcolorbox{red}{aqua}{A}
$$

$$\begin{gathered} ABABAB \\ ABABABAB \\ ABABAB \end{gathered}$$

$$
AB
\Huge AB
\huge AB
\\
AB
\LARGE AB
\Large AB
\large AB
\\
AB
\small AB
\tiny AB
$$

画图

UML时序图

在画时序图的时候
我们的思路应该是这样的：
从左到右（创建好节点），然后，从上到下（编写节点间的交互逻辑），写代码画图。

```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
participant t1 as t1 线程
participant num as num = 0
participant ready as volatile ready = false
participant t2 as t2 线程
t1 -->> t1:num=2
t1 ->> ready:ready=true
Note over t1,ready:写屏障
Note over num,t2:读屏障
t2 ->> ready:读取ready=true
t2->> num:读取num=2

流程图

在流程图的时候
LR 指左边到右边，所以是横向流程图
TD 指上边到下边，所以是纵向流程图
我们的思路应该是这样的：
先定义好所有的流程节点，再确定好各个流程节点的指向关系，最后补充流程线上的条件

```mermaid
graph TD
s(保洁阿姨)
m(主人)
g1(垃圾袋)
g2(新垃圾袋)

s-. 倒空 .-> g1
m -- 检查 --> g1
g1 -- 已满 --> g2
g1 -- 还空 --> g1

```mermaid
graph LR
A(当前线程) --> B(Cells)
B --> |为空| C(cas base 累加)
B --> |不为空| D(当前线程 cell 是否创建)
C --> |成功| E(return)
C --> |失败| F(longAccumulate)
D --> |已创建| G(cas cell 累加)
D --> |没创建| F(longAccumulate)
G --> |成功| E(return)
G --> |失败| F(longAccumulate)

```mermaid
graph LR
A(当前线程) 
B(Cells)
C(cas base 累加)
D(当前线程 cell 是否创建)
E(return)
F(longAccumulate)
G(cas cell 累加)
A --> B
B -- 为空 --> C
B -- 不为空 --> D
C -- 成功 --> E
C -- 失败 --> F
D -- 已创建 --> G
D -- 没创建 --> F
G -- 成功 --> E
G -- 失败 --> F

状态图

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Still
    Still --> [*]

    Still --> Moving
    Moving --> Still
    Moving --> Crash
    Crash --> [*]

状态

可以通过多种方式声明一个状态。最简单的方法是将状态 id 定义为描述。

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    s1

另一种方法是使用带有如下描述的 state 关键字：

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    state "This is a state description" as s2

用描述定义状态的另一种方法是定义状态 id，后跟冒号和描述：

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    s2 : This is a state description

过渡

当一种状态进入另一种状态时，转换是路径/边缘。这使用文本箭头“–>”表示。当您定义两个状态之间的转换并且状态尚未定义时，未定义的状态是使用转换中的 id 定义的。您可以稍后将描述添加到以这种方式定义的状态。

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    s1 --> s2

可以向过渡添加文本。来描述它代表什么。

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    s1 --> s2: A transition

开始和结束

有两种特殊状态指示图表的开始和停止。这些是用 [*] 语法编写的，转换到它的方向将其定义为开始或停止状态。

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> s1
    s1 --> [*]

复合状态

在实际使用状态图时，您通常会得到多维图，因为一个状态可以有多个内部状态。在这个术语中，这些被称为复合状态。为了定义复合状态，您需要使用 state 关键字，后跟一个 id 和 {} 之间的复合状态的主体。请参见下面的示例：

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> First
    state First {
        [*] --> second
        second --> [*]
    }

也可以在多个层中执行此操作：

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> First

    state First {
        [*] --> Second

        state Second {
            [*] --> second
            second --> Third

            state Third {
                [*] --> third
                third --> [*]
            }
        }
    }

还可以定义复合状态之间的转换：

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> First
    First --> Second
    First --> Third

    state First {
        [*] --> fir
        fir --> [*]
    }
    state Second {
        [*] --> sec
        sec --> [*]
    }
    state Third {
        [*] --> thi
        thi --> [*]
    }

选择

有时您需要在两条或多条路径之间进行选择建模，您可以使用 <> 来实现.

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    state if_state <<choice>>
    [*] --> IsPositive
    IsPositive --> if_state
    if_state --> False: if n < 0
    if_state --> True : if n >= 0

叉子

可以使用 <> <> 在图中指定一个分支。

```mermaid
   stateDiagram-v2
    state fork_state <<fork>>
      [*] --> fork_state
      fork_state --> State2
      fork_state --> State3

      state join_state <<join>>
      State2 --> join_state
      State3 --> join_state
      join_state --> State4
      State4 --> [*]

笔记

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
        State1: The state with a note
        note right of State1
            Important information! You can write
            notes.
        end note
        State1 --> State2
        note left of State2 : This is the note to the left.

并发

```mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Active

    state Active {
        [*] --> NumLockOff
        NumLockOff --> NumLockOn : EvNumLockPressed
        NumLockOn --> NumLockOff : EvNumLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> CapsLockOff
        CapsLockOff --> CapsLockOn : EvCapsLockPressed
        CapsLockOn --> CapsLockOff : EvCapsLockPressed
        --
        [*] --> ScrollLockOff
        ScrollLockOff --> ScrollLockOn : EvScrollLockPressed
        ScrollLockOn --> ScrollLockOff : EvScrollLockPressed
    }

设置图表的方向

```mermaid
stateDiagram
    direction LR
    [*] --> A
    A --> B
    B --> C
    state B {
      direction LR
      a --> b
    }
    B --> D

类图

定义一个类

```mermaid
classDiagram
    class Animal
    Vehicle <|-- Car

定义类的成员

```mermaid
classDiagram
class BankAccount
BankAccount : +String owner
BankAccount : +BigDecimal balance
BankAccount : +deposit(amount)
BankAccount : +withdrawal(amount)

```mermaid
classDiagram
class BankAccount{
    +String owner
    +BigDecimal balance
    +deposit(amount)
    +withdrawal(amount)
}

定义返回值

```mermaid
classDiagram
class BankAccount{
    +String owner
    +BigDecimal balance
    +deposit(amount) bool
    +withdrawal(amount) int
}

定义泛型

```mermaid
classDiagram
class Square~Shape~{
    int id
    List~int~ position
    setPoints(List~int~ points)
    getPoints() List~int~
}

Square : -List~string~ messages
Square : +setMessages(List~string~ messages)
Square : +getMessages() List~string~
Square : +getDistanceMatrix() List~List~int~~

类成员的可见性

+ Public
- Private
# Protected
~ Package/Internal
// note you can also include additional classifiers to a method definition by 
// adding the following notation to the end of the method, i.e.: after the () or 
// after the return type:
* Abstract 		e.g.: someAbstractMethod()* or someAbstractMethod() int*
$ Static 		e.g.: someStaticMethod()$ or someStaticMethod() String$
//note you can also include additional classifiers to a field definition by 
// adding the following notation to the very end:
$ Static e.g.: String someField$

```mermaid
classDiagram
class Demo {
	+ public_methos()
	- private_method()
	#protected_method()
	~packag_method()
    abstract_method()*
    static_method()$
    string some_filed$
}

定义类之间的关系

Type	Description
<|--	Inheritance继承
*--	Composition组合
o--	Aggregation聚合
-->	Association关联
--	Link (Solid)
..>	Dependency依赖
..|>	Realization实现
..	Link (Dashed)

```mermaid
classDiagram
classA <|-- classB
classC *-- classD
classE o-- classF
classG <-- classH
classI -- classJ
classK <.. classL
classM <|.. classN
classO .. classP

```mermaid
classDiagram
classA --|> classB : Inheritance
classC --* classD : Composition
classE --o classF : Aggregation
classG --> classH : Association
classI -- classJ : Link(Solid)
classK ..> classL : Dependency
classM ..|> classN : Realization
classO .. classP : Link(Dashed)

类间关系加标注

```mermaid
classDiagram
classA <|-- classB : implements
classC *-- classD : composition
classE o-- classF : aggregation

定义命名空间

classDiagram
namespace BaseShapes {
    class Triangle
    class Rectangle {
      double width
      double height
    }
}

类注释

<<Interface>> To represent an Interface class
<<Abstract>> To represent an abstract class
<<Service>> To represent a service class
<<Enumeration>> To represent an enum

```mermaid
classDiagram
class Shape{
    <<interface>>
    noOfVertices
    draw()
}
class Color{
    <<enumeration>>
    RED
    BLUE
    GREEN
    WHITE
    BLACK
}

Comments

```mermaid
classDiagram
%% This whole line is a comment classDiagram class Shape <<interface>>
class Shape{
    <<interface>>
    noOfVertices
    draw()
}

Setting the direction of the diagram

```mermaid
classDiagram
  direction RL
  class Student {
    -idCard : IdCard
  }
  class IdCard{
    -id : int
    -name : string
  }
  class Bike{
    -id : int
    -name : string
  }
  Student "1" --o "1" IdCard : carries
  Student "1" --o "1" Bike : rides

Cmd Markdown 简明语法手册
Class diagrams