编程式异常 -声明式异常

最新推荐文章于 2020-02-21 11:55:59 发布

xxp3369

最新推荐文章于 2020-02-21 11:55:59 发布

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分类专栏：尚学堂strut1.* 文章标签：编程 Struts Apache Java Bean

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xxp3369/article/details/83331794

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1、编程式异常
* 截获异常
* 创建相应的异常消息
* 传递异常消息
* 转向相应的页面处理异常
2、声明式异常（自动处理的异常）
* 在struts-config.xml文件中配置<exeception/>标签
* 理解局部和全局exception
* 注意局部<exception/>标签需要配置到<forward/>标签的前面，详见dtd中的约束

<exeception/>标签中的属性说明：
* key：指异常信息对应的国际化消息文本，这个key值需要在国际化资源文件中定义
* type: 处理那种异常
* path: 定义一但出现异常，需要转向那个页面，如果不定义path，
默认情况下将使用<action>标签中input属性对应的页面
* scope：可以取值request和session，默认为request
* handler：异常的处理类，struts默认采用org.apache.struts.action.ExceptionHandler，
如果做个性化的异常处理可以继承此类覆写相应的方法

参见：ErrorCodeExceptionHandler.java和AppExceptionHandler.java

struts-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.bjsxt.struts.LoginActionForm"/>
	</form-beans>

	<global-exceptions>
	<!-- 
			<exception key="user.not.found" type="com.bjsxt.struts.UserNotFoundException" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
			<exception key="user.password.error" type="com.bjsxt.struts.PasswordErrorException" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
	 -->

	 <!-- 
		<exception key="user.not.found" type="com.bjsxt.struts.UserNotFoundException" handler="org.apache.struts.action.ExceptionHandler"/>
		<exception key="user.password.error" type="com.bjsxt.struts.PasswordErrorException" handler="org.apache.struts.action.ExceptionHandler"/>
	 -->

	 <!-- 
	 <exception key="error.exception" type="com.bjsxt.struts.ErrorCodeException" handler="com.bjsxt.struts.ErrorCodeExceptionHandler"/>
	  -->
	  <!-- 
	  <exception key="error.exception" type="com.bjsxt.struts.AppException" handler="com.bjsxt.struts.AppExceptionHandler"/>
	   -->	

	  <exception key="error.exception" type="com.bjsxt.struts.AppException"/> 
	</global-exceptions>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/login"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.LoginAction"
				name="loginForm"
				scope="request"
				validate="false"
				input="/login.jsp"
		>	
		<!-- 
			<exception key="user.not.found" type="com.bjsxt.struts.UserNotFoundException" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
			<exception key="user.password.error" type="com.bjsxt.struts.PasswordErrorException" path="/login_error.jsp"/>
		 -->	
			<forward name="success" path="/login_success.jsp"/>
			<forward name="error" path="/login.jsp"/>
		</action>

		<action path="/changelang"
				type="com.bjsxt.struts.ChangeLanguageAction"
		>
			<forward name="index" path="/index.jsp"/>
		</action>

		<action path="/login1"
				type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"
				parameter="/login.jsp"
		></action>
	</action-mappings>

	<message-resources parameter="res.MessageResources" />
</struts-config>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="bean" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean"%>  
<%@ taglib prefix="html" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" %>  
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title><bean:message key="user.title"/></title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1><bean:message key="user.title"/></h1>
	<hr>
	<!-- 
	<font color="red">
		<html:messages id="msg" property="error1">
			<bean:write name="msg"/>
		</html:messages>
	</font>	
	<font color="blue">
		<html:messages id="msg" property="error2">
			<bean:write name="msg"/>
		</html:messages>
	</font>	
	 -->
	 <html:errors/>
	<form action="login.do" method="post">
		<bean:message key="user.username"/>：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
		<bean:message key="user.password"/>：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
		<input type="submit" value="<bean:message key="user.button.login"/>">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

login_success.jsp

[quote]<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="bean" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="html" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<html:messages id="msg" message="true" property="loginSuccess1">
<bean:write name="msg"/>
</html:messages>
</body>
</html>[/quote]

login_error.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="bean" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="html" uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" %>       

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
	<font color="red">
	<!-- 
	<li>
		<html:messages id="msg" property="error1">
			<bean:write name="msg"/>
		</html:messages>
	</li>
	</font>	
	<font color="blue">
	<li>
		<html:messages id="msg" property="error2">
			<bean:write name="msg"/>
		</html:messages>
	</li>	
	</font>	
	 -->
	 <html:errors/>
</body>
</html>

login_jstl.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<fmt:setLocale value="${header['accept-language']}"/>
<fmt:setBundle basename="res.MessageResources"/>
<html>
<head> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title><fmt:message key="user.title"/></title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1><fmt:message key="user.title"/></h1>
	<hr>
	<form action="login.do" method="post">
		<fmt:message key="user.username"/>：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
		<fmt:message key="user.password"/>：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
		<input type="submit" value="<fmt:message key="user.button.login"/>">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

UserManager.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

public class UserManager {

	private static UserManager instance = new UserManager();

	private UserManager() {}

	public static UserManager getInstance() {
		return instance;
	}

//	public void login(String username, String password) {
//		if (!"admin".equals(username)) {
//			throw new UserNotFoundException(username);
//		}
//		if (!"admin".equals(password)) {
//			throw new PasswordErrorException();
//		}
//	}

//	public void login(String username, String password) {
//		if (!"admin".equals(username)) {
//			throw new ErrorCodeException("user.not.found", username);
//		}
//		if (!"admin".equals(password)) {
//			throw new ErrorCodeException("user.password.error");
//		}
//	}

	public void login(String username, String password) {
		if (!"admin".equals(username)) {
			throw new AppException("用户不能找到，用户=【" + username + "】");
		}
		if (!"admin".equals(password)) {
			throw new AppException("密码不正确!");
		}
	}

}

AppException.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

public class AppException extends RuntimeException {

	public AppException(String msg) {
		super(msg);
	}
}

AppExceptionHandler.java

package com.bjsxt.struts;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.Globals;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessage;
import org.apache.struts.action.ExceptionHandler;
import org.apache.struts.config.ExceptionConfig;
import org.apache.struts.util.ModuleException;

public class AppExceptionHandler extends ExceptionHandler {

	   public ActionForward execute(
		        Exception ex,
		        ExceptionConfig ae,
		        ActionMapping mapping,
		        ActionForm formInstance,
		        HttpServletRequest request,
		        HttpServletResponse response)
		        throws ServletException {

		   		if (!(ex instanceof AppException)) {
		   			return super.execute(ex, ae, mapping, formInstance, request, response);
		   		}

		        ActionForward forward = null;
		        ActionMessage error = null;
		        String property = null;

		        // Build the forward from the exception mapping if it exists
		        // or from the form input
		        if (ae.getPath() != null) {
		            forward = new ActionForward(ae.getPath());
		        } else {
		            forward = mapping.getInputForward();
		        }

		        // Figure out the error
		        if (ex instanceof ModuleException) {
		            error = ((ModuleException) ex).getActionMessage();
		            property = ((ModuleException) ex).getProperty();
		        } else {
		        	AppException appe = (AppException)ex;
		        	error = new ActionMessage(ae.getKey(), appe.getMessage());
		        	property = error.getKey();

		            //error = new ActionMessage(ae.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
		            //property = error.getKey();
		        }

		        this.logException(ex);

		        // Store the exception
		        request.setAttribute(Globals.EXCEPTION_KEY, ex);
		        this.storeException(request, property, error, forward, ae.getScope());

		        return forward;

		    }	
}

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编程式异常 -声明式异常

1、编程式异常 * 截获异常 * 创建相应的异常消息 * 传递异常消息 * 转向相应的页面处理异常2、声明式异常（自动处理的异常） * 在struts-config.xml文件中配置标签 * 理解局部和全局exception * 注意局部标签需要配置到标签的前面，详见dtd中的约束标签中的属性说明： * key：指异常信息对应的国际化消息文本，这个...
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