- python字典(dict)
- 字典用{ }定义,键(key)值(value)对之间用冒号分割,每个对之间用逗号分割
- 键必须是唯一的,但值则不必。
- 值可以取任何数据类型,但键必须是不可变的,如字符串,数字。
访问字典(字典的索引就是key)
实例:
dict1 = {"k1":"val1","k2":"val2"}
print(dict1) # {'k1': 'val1', 'k2': 'val2'}
print(dict1["k1"]) # val1
字典的操作
dict1 = {"n":"jack","a":"19"}
# 增
dict1["k"] = "v"
print(dict1) # {"n":"jack","a":"19","k":"v"}
# 删
del dict1["n"]
print(dict1) # {"a":"19","k":"v"}
# 改
dict1["k"] = "val"
print(dict1) # {"a":"19","k":"val"}
字典内置方法
clear() # 清空dict所有元素
实例:
dict1 = {"k1":"val1","k2":"val2"}
print(dict1) # {"k1":"val1","k2":"val"}
dict1.clear()
print(dict1) # {}
copy() # 浅拷贝
实例:
dict1 = {"name": "jack","age": [19,13]}
dict2 = dict1
dict3 = dict1.copy()
dict1["name"] = "vat"
dict1["age"][0] = 20
print(dict1) # {'name': 'vat', 'age': [20, 13]}
print(dict2) # {'name': 'vat', 'age': [20, 13]}
print(dict3) # {'name': 'jack', 'age': [20, 13]}
items # 返回dict所有的键跟值
实例:
dict1 = {"name":"jack","age":"19"}
for i in dict1:
print(i) # name
# age
for i in dict1.items():
print(i) # ('name', 'jack')
# ('age', '19')
for k,v in dict1.items():
print(k,v) # name jack
# age 19
keys() 返回所有的键
实例:
dict1 = {"name":"jack","age":"19"}
for i in dict1.keys():
print(i) # name
# age
values() 返回所有的值
实例:
dict1 = {"name":"jack","age":"19"}
for i in dict1.values():
print(i) # jack
# 19
打卡第34天,对python大数据感兴趣的朋友欢迎一起讨论、交流,请多指教!